Unify execution state into a single struct (#3877)

* Add ExecState that combines ProgramMemory and DynamicState

* Remove unneeded clones

* Add exec_state parameter to all KCL stdlib functions

* Move pipe value into ExecState

* Add test for pipe substitution not leaking into function calls

* KCL: Better message on assertEqual function

Also add a new no-visual test for performance testing.

* Fix new array module to use ExecState

---------

Co-authored-by: Adam Chalmers <adam.chalmers@zoo.dev>

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/src/lib.rs

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ fn do_stdlib_inner(
         let ty_string = rust_type_to_openapi_type(&ty_string);
         let required = !ty_ident.to_string().starts_with("Option <");
 
-        if ty_string != "Args" {
+        if ty_string != "ExecState" && ty_string != "Args" {
             let schema = if ty_ident.to_string().starts_with("Vec < ")
                 || ty_ident.to_string().starts_with("Option <")
                 || ty_ident.to_string().starts_with('[')
@@ -387,11 +387,12 @@ fn do_stdlib_inner(
         #const_struct
 
         fn #boxed_fn_name_ident(
+            exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
             args: crate::std::Args,
         ) -> std::pin::Pin<
-            Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>> + Send>,
+            Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>> + Send + '_>,
         > {
-            Box::pin(#fn_name_ident(args))
+            Box::pin(#fn_name_ident(exec_state, args))
         }
 
         impl #docs_crate::StdLibFn for #name_ident
@@ -662,6 +663,9 @@ fn clean_ty_string(t: &str) -> (String, proc_macro2::TokenStream) {
         .replace("mut", "")
         .replace("< 'a >", "")
         .replace(' ', "");
+    if ty_string.starts_with("ExecState") {
+        ty_string = "ExecState".to_string();
+    }
     if ty_string.starts_with("Args") {
         ty_string = "Args".to_string();
     }

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/src/tests.rs

@@ -85,6 +85,32 @@ fn test_args_with_lifetime() {
     expectorate::assert_contents("tests/args_with_lifetime.gen", &get_text_fmt(&item).unwrap());
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn test_args_with_exec_state() {
+    let (item, mut errors) = do_stdlib(
+        quote! {
+            name = "someFunction",
+        },
+        quote! {
+            /// Docs
+            /// ```
+            /// someFunction()
+            /// ```
+            fn inner_some_function<'a>(
+                exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+                args: &Args,
+            ) -> i32 {
+                3
+            }
+        },
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    if let Some(e) = errors.pop() {
+        panic!("{e}");
+    }
+    expectorate::assert_contents("tests/test_args_with_exec_state.gen", &get_text_fmt(&item).unwrap());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_stdlib_line_to() {
     let (item, errors) = do_stdlib(

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/args_with_lifetime.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct SomeFn {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: someFn\nDocs"]
 pub(crate) const SomeFn: SomeFn = SomeFn {};
 fn boxed_someFn(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(someFn(args))
+    Box::pin(someFn(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for SomeFn {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/args_with_refs.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct SomeFn {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: someFn\nDocs"]
 pub(crate) const SomeFn: SomeFn = SomeFn {};
 fn boxed_someFn(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(someFn(args))
+    Box::pin(someFn(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for SomeFn {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/array.gen

@@ -77,15 +77,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Show {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: show\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Show: Show = Show {};
 fn boxed_show(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(show(args))
+    Box::pin(show(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Show {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/box.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Show {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: show\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Show: Show = Show {};
 fn boxed_show(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(show(args))
+    Box::pin(show(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Show {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/doc_comment_with_code.gen

@@ -78,15 +78,17 @@ pub(crate) struct MyFunc {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: myFunc\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const MyFunc: MyFunc = MyFunc {};
 fn boxed_my_func(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(my_func(args))
+    Box::pin(my_func(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for MyFunc {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/lineTo.gen

@@ -78,15 +78,17 @@ pub(crate) struct LineTo {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: lineTo\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const LineTo: LineTo = LineTo {};
 fn boxed_line_to(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(line_to(args))
+    Box::pin(line_to(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for LineTo {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/min.gen

@@ -77,15 +77,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Min {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: min\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Min: Min = Min {};
 fn boxed_min(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(min(args))
+    Box::pin(min(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Min {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/option.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Show {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: show\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Show: Show = Show {};
 fn boxed_show(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(show(args))
+    Box::pin(show(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Show {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/option_input_format.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Import {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: import\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Import: Import = Import {};
 fn boxed_import(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(import(args))
+    Box::pin(import(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Import {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/return_vec_box_sketch_group.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Import {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: import\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Import: Import = Import {};
 fn boxed_import(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(import(args))
+    Box::pin(import(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Import {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/return_vec_sketch_group.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Import {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: import\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Import: Import = Import {};
 fn boxed_import(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(import(args))
+    Box::pin(import(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Import {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/show.gen

@@ -44,15 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) struct Show {}
 #[doc = "Std lib function: show\nThis is some function.\nIt does shit."]
 pub(crate) const Show: Show = Show {};
 fn boxed_show(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
     args: crate::std::Args,
 ) -> std::pin::Pin<
     Box<
         dyn std::future::Future<
                 Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
-            > + Send,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
     >,
 > {
-    Box::pin(show(args))
+    Box::pin(show(exec_state, args))
 }
 
 impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for Show {

src/wasm-lib/derive-docs/tests/test_args_with_exec_state.gen

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test_examples_some_function {
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn test_mock_example_some_function0() {
+        let tokens = crate::token::lexer("someFunction()").unwrap();
+        let parser = crate::parser::Parser::new(tokens);
+        let program = parser.ast().unwrap();
+        let ctx = crate::executor::ExecutorContext {
+            engine: std::sync::Arc::new(Box::new(
+                crate::engine::conn_mock::EngineConnection::new()
+                    .await
+                    .unwrap(),
+            )),
+            fs: std::sync::Arc::new(crate::fs::FileManager::new()),
+            stdlib: std::sync::Arc::new(crate::std::StdLib::new()),
+            settings: Default::default(),
+            is_mock: true,
+        };
+        ctx.run(&program, None).await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 5)]
+    async fn kcl_test_example_some_function0() {
+        let code = "someFunction()";
+        let result =
+            crate::test_server::execute_and_snapshot(code, crate::settings::types::UnitLength::Mm)
+                .await
+                .unwrap();
+        twenty_twenty::assert_image(
+            &format!("tests/outputs/{}.png", "serial_test_example_some_function0"),
+            &result,
+            0.99,
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(non_camel_case_types, missing_docs)]
+#[doc = "Std lib function: someFunction\nDocs"]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, schemars :: JsonSchema, ts_rs :: TS)]
+#[ts(export)]
+pub(crate) struct SomeFunction {}
+
+#[allow(non_upper_case_globals, missing_docs)]
+#[doc = "Std lib function: someFunction\nDocs"]
+pub(crate) const SomeFunction: SomeFunction = SomeFunction {};
+fn boxed_some_function(
+    exec_state: &mut crate::executor::ExecState,
+    args: crate::std::Args,
+) -> std::pin::Pin<
+    Box<
+        dyn std::future::Future<
+                Output = anyhow::Result<crate::executor::KclValue, crate::errors::KclError>,
+            > + Send
+            + '_,
+    >,
+> {
+    Box::pin(some_function(exec_state, args))
+}
+
+impl crate::docs::StdLibFn for SomeFunction {
+    fn name(&self) -> String {
+        "someFunction".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn summary(&self) -> String {
+        "Docs".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn description(&self) -> String {
+        "".to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn tags(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        vec![]
+    }
+
+    fn args(&self) -> Vec<crate::docs::StdLibFnArg> {
+        let mut settings = schemars::gen::SchemaSettings::openapi3();
+        settings.inline_subschemas = true;
+        let mut generator = schemars::gen::SchemaGenerator::new(settings);
+        vec![]
+    }
+
+    fn return_value(&self) -> Option<crate::docs::StdLibFnArg> {
+        let mut settings = schemars::gen::SchemaSettings::openapi3();
+        settings.inline_subschemas = true;
+        let mut generator = schemars::gen::SchemaGenerator::new(settings);
+        Some(crate::docs::StdLibFnArg {
+            name: "".to_string(),
+            type_: "i32".to_string(),
+            schema: <i32>::json_schema(&mut generator),
+            required: true,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn unpublished(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    fn deprecated(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        let code_blocks = vec!["someFunction()"];
+        code_blocks
+            .iter()
+            .map(|cb| {
+                let tokens = crate::token::lexer(cb).unwrap();
+                let parser = crate::parser::Parser::new(tokens);
+                let program = parser.ast().unwrap();
+                let mut options: crate::ast::types::FormatOptions = Default::default();
+                options.insert_final_newline = false;
+                program.recast(&options, 0)
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
+    }
+
+    fn std_lib_fn(&self) -> crate::std::StdFn {
+        boxed_some_function
+    }
+
+    fn clone_box(&self) -> Box<dyn crate::docs::StdLibFn> {
+        Box::new(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+#[doc = r" Docs"]
+#[doc = r" ```"]
+#[doc = r" someFunction()"]
+#[doc = r" ```"]
+fn inner_some_function<'a>(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: &Args) -> i32 {
+    3
+}

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/ast/types.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use anyhow::Result;
+use async_recursion::async_recursion;
 use databake::*;
 use parse_display::{Display, FromStr};
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
@@ -22,8 +23,8 @@ use crate::{
     docs::StdLibFn,
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     executor::{
-        BodyType, DynamicState, ExecutorContext, KclValue, Metadata, PipeInfo, ProgramMemory, SketchGroup, SourceRange,
+        BodyType, ExecState, ExecutorContext, KclValue, Metadata, SketchGroup, SourceRange, StatementKind,
-        StatementKind, TagEngineInfo, TagIdentifier, UserVal,
+        TagEngineInfo, TagIdentifier, UserVal,
     },
     parser::PIPE_OPERATOR,
     std::{kcl_stdlib::KclStdLibFn, FunctionKind},
@@ -797,31 +798,17 @@ impl BinaryPart {
     }
 
     #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-    pub async fn get_result(
+    pub async fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         match self {
             BinaryPart::Literal(literal) => Ok(literal.into()),
             BinaryPart::Identifier(identifier) => {
-                let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
+                let value = exec_state.memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
                 Ok(value.clone())
             }
-            BinaryPart::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => {
+            BinaryPart::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => binary_expression.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await,
-                binary_expression
+            BinaryPart::CallExpression(call_expression) => call_expression.execute(exec_state, ctx).await,
-                    .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
+            BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await,
-                    .await
+            BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(exec_state),
-            }
-            BinaryPart::CallExpression(call_expression) => {
-                call_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await
-            }
-            BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => {
-                unary_expression.get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await
-            }
-            BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(memory),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1192,30 +1179,17 @@ impl CallExpression {
     }
 
     #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-    pub async fn execute(
+    pub async fn execute(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
+        let fn_name = &self.callee.name;
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        let fn_name = self.callee.name.clone();
 
         let mut fn_args: Vec<KclValue> = Vec::with_capacity(self.arguments.len());
 
         for arg in &self.arguments {
             let metadata = Metadata {
-                source_range: SourceRange([arg.start(), arg.end()]),
+                source_range: SourceRange::from(arg),
             };
             let result = ctx
-                .execute_expr(
+                .execute_expr(arg, exec_state, &metadata, StatementKind::Expression)
-                    arg,
-                    memory,
-                    dynamic_state,
-                    pipe_info,
-                    &metadata,
-                    StatementKind::Expression,
-                )
                 .await?;
             fn_args.push(result);
         }
@@ -1223,9 +1197,8 @@ impl CallExpression {
         match ctx.stdlib.get_either(&self.callee.name) {
             FunctionKind::Core(func) => {
                 // Attempt to call the function.
-                let args =
+                let args = crate::std::Args::new(fn_args, self.into(), ctx.clone());
-                    crate::std::Args::new(fn_args, self.into(), ctx.clone(), memory.clone(), dynamic_state.clone());
+                let mut result = func.std_lib_fn()(exec_state, args).await?;
-                let mut result = func.std_lib_fn()(args).await?;
 
                 // If the return result is a sketch group or extrude group, we want to update the
                 // memory for the tags of the group.
@@ -1235,7 +1208,7 @@ impl CallExpression {
                     KclValue::UserVal(ref mut uval) => {
                         uval.mutate(|sketch_group: &mut SketchGroup| {
                             for (_, tag) in sketch_group.tags.iter() {
-                                memory.update_tag(&tag.value, tag.clone())?;
+                                exec_state.memory.update_tag(&tag.value, tag.clone())?;
                             }
                             Ok::<_, KclError>(())
                         })?;
@@ -1275,7 +1248,7 @@ impl CallExpression {
                                 info.sketch_group = extrude_group.id;
                                 t.info = Some(info);
 
-                                memory.update_tag(&tag.name, t.clone())?;
+                                exec_state.memory.update_tag(&tag.name, t.clone())?;
 
                                 // update the sketch group tags.
                                 extrude_group.sketch_group.tags.insert(tag.name.clone(), t);
@@ -1283,7 +1256,11 @@ impl CallExpression {
                         }
 
                         // Find the stale sketch group in memory and update it.
-                        if let Some(current_env) = memory.environments.get_mut(memory.current_env.index()) {
+                        if let Some(current_env) = exec_state
+                            .memory
+                            .environments
+                            .get_mut(exec_state.memory.current_env.index())
+                        {
                             current_env.update_sketch_group_tags(&extrude_group.sketch_group);
                         }
                     }
@@ -1294,17 +1271,18 @@ impl CallExpression {
             }
             FunctionKind::Std(func) => {
                 let function_expression = func.function();
-                let parts = function_expression.clone().into_parts().map_err(|e| {
+                let (required_params, optional_params) =
-                    KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+                    function_expression.required_and_optional_params().map_err(|e| {
-                        message: format!("Error getting parts of function: {}", e),
+                        KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-                        source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
+                            message: format!("Error getting parts of function: {}", e),
-                    })
+                            source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
-                })?;
+                        })
-                if fn_args.len() < parts.params_required.len() || fn_args.len() > function_expression.params.len() {
+                    })?;
+                if fn_args.len() < required_params.len() || fn_args.len() > function_expression.params.len() {
                     return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
                         message: format!(
                             "this function expected {} arguments, got {}",
-                            parts.params_required.len(),
+                            required_params.len(),
                             fn_args.len(),
                         ),
                         source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
@@ -1312,8 +1290,8 @@ impl CallExpression {
                 }
 
                 // Add the arguments to the memory.
-                let mut fn_memory = memory.clone();
+                let mut fn_memory = exec_state.memory.clone();
-                for (index, param) in parts.params_required.iter().enumerate() {
+                for (index, param) in required_params.iter().enumerate() {
                     fn_memory.add(
                         &param.identifier.name,
                         fn_args.get(index).unwrap().clone(),
@@ -1321,8 +1299,8 @@ impl CallExpression {
                     )?;
                 }
                 // Add the optional arguments to the memory.
-                for (index, param) in parts.params_optional.iter().enumerate() {
+                for (index, param) in optional_params.iter().enumerate() {
-                    if let Some(arg) = fn_args.get(index + parts.params_required.len()) {
+                    if let Some(arg) = fn_args.get(index + required_params.len()) {
                         fn_memory.add(&param.identifier.name, arg.clone(), param.identifier.clone().into())?;
                     } else {
                         fn_memory.add(
@@ -1336,22 +1314,31 @@ impl CallExpression {
                     }
                 }
 
-                let mut fn_dynamic_state = dynamic_state.clone();
+                let fn_dynamic_state = exec_state.dynamic_state.clone();
+                // TODO: Shouldn't we merge program memory into fn_dynamic_state
+                // here?
 
                 // Call the stdlib function
-                let p = func.function().clone().body;
+                let p = &func.function().body;
-                let results = match ctx
+
-                    .inner_execute(&p, &mut fn_memory, &mut fn_dynamic_state, BodyType::Block)
+                let (exec_result, fn_memory) = {
-                    .await
+                    let previous_memory = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.memory, fn_memory);
-                {
+                    let previous_dynamic_state = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.dynamic_state, fn_dynamic_state);
-                    Ok(results) => results,
+                    let result = ctx.inner_execute(p, exec_state, BodyType::Block).await;
+                    exec_state.dynamic_state = previous_dynamic_state;
+                    let fn_memory = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.memory, previous_memory);
+                    (result, fn_memory)
+                };
+
+                match exec_result {
+                    Ok(()) => {}
                     Err(err) => {
                         // We need to override the source ranges so we don't get the embedded kcl
                         // function from the stdlib.
                         return Err(err.override_source_ranges(vec![self.into()]));
                     }
                 };
-                let out = results.return_;
+                let out = fn_memory.return_;
                 let result = out.ok_or_else(|| {
                     KclError::UndefinedValue(KclErrorDetails {
                         message: format!("Result of stdlib function {} is undefined", fn_name),
@@ -1361,18 +1348,24 @@ impl CallExpression {
                 Ok(result)
             }
             FunctionKind::UserDefined => {
-                let func = memory.get(&fn_name, self.into())?;
+                let source_range = SourceRange::from(self);
-                let fn_dynamic_state = dynamic_state.merge(memory);
+                // Clone the function so that we can use a mutable reference to
-                let result = func
+                // exec_state.
-                    .call_fn(fn_args, &fn_dynamic_state, ctx.clone())
+                let func = exec_state.memory.get(fn_name, source_range)?.clone();
-                    .await
+                let fn_dynamic_state = exec_state.dynamic_state.merge(&exec_state.memory);
-                    .map_err(|e| {
-                        // Add the call expression to the source ranges.
-                        e.add_source_ranges(vec![self.into()])
-                    })?;
 
-                let result = result.ok_or_else(|| {
+                let return_value = {
-                    let mut source_ranges: Vec<SourceRange> = vec![self.into()];
+                    let previous_dynamic_state = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.dynamic_state, fn_dynamic_state);
+                    let result = func.call_fn(fn_args, exec_state, ctx.clone()).await.map_err(|e| {
+                        // Add the call expression to the source ranges.
+                        e.add_source_ranges(vec![source_range])
+                    });
+                    exec_state.dynamic_state = previous_dynamic_state;
+                    result?
+                };
+
+                let result = return_value.ok_or_else(move || {
+                    let mut source_ranges: Vec<SourceRange> = vec![source_range];
                     // We want to send the source range of the original function.
                     if let KclValue::Function { meta, .. } = func {
                         source_ranges = meta.iter().map(|m| m.source_range).collect();
@@ -1990,7 +1983,7 @@ impl TagDeclarator {
         }
     }
 
-    pub async fn execute(&self, memory: &mut ProgramMemory) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    pub async fn execute(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let memory_item = KclValue::TagIdentifier(Box::new(TagIdentifier {
             value: self.name.clone(),
             info: None,
@@ -1999,7 +1992,7 @@ impl TagDeclarator {
             }],
         }));
 
-        memory.add(&self.name, memory_item.clone(), self.into())?;
+        exec_state.memory.add(&self.name, memory_item.clone(), self.into())?;
 
         Ok(self.into())
     }
@@ -2136,65 +2129,18 @@ impl ArrayExpression {
     }
 
     #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-    pub async fn execute(
+    pub async fn execute(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let mut results = Vec::with_capacity(self.elements.len());
 
         for element in &self.elements {
-            let result = match element {
+            let metadata = Metadata::from(element);
-                Expr::Literal(literal) => literal.into(),
+            // TODO: Carry statement kind here so that we know if we're
-                Expr::TagDeclarator(tag) => tag.execute(memory).await?,
+            // inside a variable declaration.
-                Expr::None(none) => none.into(),
+            let value = ctx
-                Expr::Identifier(identifier) => {
+                .execute_expr(element, exec_state, &metadata, StatementKind::Expression)
-                    let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
+                .await?;
-                    value.clone()
-                }
-                Expr::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => {
-                    binary_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::CallExpression(call_expression) => {
-                    call_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => {
-                    unary_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::ObjectExpression(object_expression) => {
-                    object_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::ArrayExpression(array_expression) => {
-                    array_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::PipeExpression(pipe_expression) => {
-                    pipe_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::PipeSubstitution(pipe_substitution) => {
-                    return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-                        message: format!("PipeSubstitution not implemented here: {:?}", pipe_substitution),
-                        source_ranges: vec![pipe_substitution.into()],
-                    }));
-                }
-                Expr::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(memory)?,
-                Expr::FunctionExpression(function_expression) => {
-                    return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-                        message: format!("FunctionExpression not implemented here: {:?}", function_expression),
-                        source_ranges: vec![function_expression.into()],
-                    }));
-                }
-            }
-            .get_json_value()?;
 
-            results.push(result);
+            results.push(value.get_json_value()?);
         }
 
         Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
@@ -2279,61 +2225,13 @@ impl ObjectExpression {
     }
 
     #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-    pub async fn execute(
+    pub async fn execute(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let mut object = Map::new();
         for property in &self.properties {
-            let result = match &property.value {
+            let metadata = Metadata::from(&property.value);
-                Expr::Literal(literal) => literal.into(),
+            let result = ctx
-                Expr::TagDeclarator(tag) => tag.execute(memory).await?,
+                .execute_expr(&property.value, exec_state, &metadata, StatementKind::Expression)
-                Expr::None(none) => none.into(),
+                .await?;
-                Expr::Identifier(identifier) => {
-                    let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
-                    value.clone()
-                }
-                Expr::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => {
-                    binary_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::CallExpression(call_expression) => {
-                    call_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => {
-                    unary_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::ObjectExpression(object_expression) => {
-                    object_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::ArrayExpression(array_expression) => {
-                    array_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx).await?
-                }
-                Expr::PipeExpression(pipe_expression) => {
-                    pipe_expression
-                        .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                        .await?
-                }
-                Expr::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(memory)?,
-                Expr::PipeSubstitution(pipe_substitution) => {
-                    return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-                        message: format!("PipeSubstitution not implemented here: {:?}", pipe_substitution),
-                        source_ranges: vec![pipe_substitution.into()],
-                    }));
-                }
-                Expr::FunctionExpression(function_expression) => {
-                    return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-                        message: format!("FunctionExpression not implemented here: {:?}", function_expression),
-                        source_ranges: vec![function_expression.into()],
-                    }));
-                }
-            };
 
             object.insert(property.key.name.clone(), result.get_json_value()?);
         }
@@ -2545,11 +2443,11 @@ impl MemberExpression {
         None
     }
 
-    pub fn get_result_array(&self, memory: &mut ProgramMemory, index: usize) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    pub fn get_result_array(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, index: usize) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let array = match &self.object {
-            MemberObject::MemberExpression(member_expr) => member_expr.get_result(memory)?,
+            MemberObject::MemberExpression(member_expr) => member_expr.get_result(exec_state)?,
             MemberObject::Identifier(identifier) => {
-                let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
+                let value = exec_state.memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
                 value.clone()
             }
         };
@@ -2578,7 +2476,7 @@ impl MemberExpression {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn get_result(&self, memory: &mut ProgramMemory) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    pub fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         #[derive(Debug)]
         enum Property {
             Number(usize),
@@ -2605,7 +2503,7 @@ impl MemberExpression {
                     Property::String(name.to_string())
                 } else {
                     // Actually evaluate memory to compute the property.
-                    let prop = memory.get(&name, property_src)?;
+                    let prop = exec_state.memory.get(&name, property_src)?;
                     let KclValue::UserVal(prop) = prop else {
                         return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
                             source_ranges: property_sr,
@@ -2667,9 +2565,9 @@ impl MemberExpression {
 
         let object = match &self.object {
             // TODO: Don't use recursion here, use a loop.
-            MemberObject::MemberExpression(member_expr) => member_expr.get_result(memory)?,
+            MemberObject::MemberExpression(member_expr) => member_expr.get_result(exec_state)?,
             MemberObject::Identifier(identifier) => {
-                let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
+                let value = exec_state.memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
                 value.clone()
             }
         };
@@ -2827,23 +2725,9 @@ impl BinaryExpression {
     }
 
     #[async_recursion::async_recursion]
-    pub async fn get_result(
+    pub async fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
+        let left_json_value = self.left.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await?.get_json_value()?;
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
+        let right_json_value = self.right.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await?.get_json_value()?;
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        let left_json_value = self
-            .left
-            .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-            .await?
-            .get_json_value()?;
-        let right_json_value = self
-            .right
-            .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-            .await?
-            .get_json_value()?;
 
         // First check if we are doing string concatenation.
         if self.operator == BinaryOperator::Add {
@@ -3043,19 +2927,9 @@ impl UnaryExpression {
         self.argument.get_constraint_level()
     }
 
-    pub async fn get_result(
+    pub async fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        &self,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         if self.operator == UnaryOperator::Not {
-            let value = self
+            let value = self.argument.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await?.get_json_value()?;
-                .argument
-                .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                .await?
-                .get_json_value()?;
             let Some(bool_value) = json_as_bool(&value) else {
                 return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
                     message: format!("Cannot apply unary operator ! to non-boolean value: {}", value),
@@ -3072,11 +2946,7 @@ impl UnaryExpression {
         }
 
         let num = parse_json_number_as_f64(
-            &self
+            &self.argument.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await?.get_json_value()?,
-                .argument
-                .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, ctx)
-                .await?
-                .get_json_value()?,
             self.into(),
         )?;
         Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
@@ -3204,14 +3074,9 @@ impl PipeExpression {
         None
     }
 
-    pub async fn get_result(
+    #[async_recursion]
-        &self,
+    pub async fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
+        execute_pipe_body(exec_state, &self.body, self.into(), ctx).await
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
-        ctx: &ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-        execute_pipe_body(memory, dynamic_state, &self.body, pipe_info, self.into(), ctx).await
     }
 
     /// Rename all identifiers that have the old name to the new given name.
@@ -3222,45 +3087,49 @@ impl PipeExpression {
     }
 }
 
-#[async_recursion::async_recursion]
 async fn execute_pipe_body(
-    memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
-    dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
     body: &[Expr],
-    pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
     source_range: SourceRange,
     ctx: &ExecutorContext,
 ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let mut body = body.iter();
+    let Some((first, body)) = body.split_first() else {
-    let first = body.next().ok_or_else(|| {
+        return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-        KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
             message: "Pipe expressions cannot be empty".to_owned(),
             source_ranges: vec![source_range],
-        })
+        }));
-    })?;
+    };
     // Evaluate the first element in the pipeline.
-    // They use the `pipe_info` from some AST node above this, so that if pipe expression is nested in a larger pipe expression,
+    // They use the pipe_value from some AST node above this, so that if pipe expression is nested in a larger pipe expression,
     // they use the % from the parent. After all, this pipe expression hasn't been executed yet, so it doesn't have any % value
     // of its own.
     let meta = Metadata {
         source_range: SourceRange([first.start(), first.end()]),
     };
     let output = ctx
-        .execute_expr(
+        .execute_expr(first, exec_state, &meta, StatementKind::Expression)
-            first,
-            memory,
-            dynamic_state,
-            pipe_info,
-            &meta,
-            StatementKind::Expression,
-        )
         .await?;
+
     // Now that we've evaluated the first child expression in the pipeline, following child expressions
     // should use the previous child expression for %.
-    // This means there's no more need for the previous `pipe_info` from the parent AST node above this one.
+    // This means there's no more need for the previous pipe_value from the parent AST node above this one.
-    let mut new_pipe_info = PipeInfo::new();
+    let previous_pipe_value = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.pipe_value, Some(output));
-    new_pipe_info.previous_results = Some(output);
     // Evaluate remaining elements.
+    let result = inner_execute_pipe_body(exec_state, body, ctx).await;
+    // Restore the previous pipe value.
+    exec_state.pipe_value = previous_pipe_value;
+
+    result
+}
+
+/// Execute the tail of a pipe expression.  exec_state.pipe_value must be set by
+/// the caller.
+#[async_recursion]
+async fn inner_execute_pipe_body(
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    body: &[Expr],
+    ctx: &ExecutorContext,
+) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     for expression in body {
         match expression {
             Expr::TagDeclarator(_) => {
@@ -3286,19 +3155,12 @@ async fn execute_pipe_body(
             source_range: SourceRange([expression.start(), expression.end()]),
         };
         let output = ctx
-            .execute_expr(
+            .execute_expr(expression, exec_state, &metadata, StatementKind::Expression)
-                expression,
-                memory,
-                dynamic_state,
-                &new_pipe_info,
-                &metadata,
-                StatementKind::Expression,
-            )
             .await?;
-        new_pipe_info.previous_results = Some(output);
+        exec_state.pipe_value = Some(output);
     }
-    // Safe to unwrap here, because `newpipe_info` always has something pushed in when the `match first` executes.
+    // Safe to unwrap here, because pipe_value always has something pushed in when the `match first` executes.
-    let final_output = new_pipe_info.previous_results.unwrap();
+    let final_output = exec_state.pipe_value.take().unwrap();
     Ok(final_output)
 }
 
@@ -3430,14 +3292,6 @@ pub struct FunctionExpression {
 
 impl_value_meta!(FunctionExpression);
 
-pub struct FunctionExpressionParts {
-    pub start: usize,
-    pub end: usize,
-    pub params_required: Vec<Parameter>,
-    pub params_optional: Vec<Parameter>,
-    pub body: Program,
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub struct RequiredParamAfterOptionalParam(pub Parameter);
 
@@ -3472,36 +3326,28 @@ impl FunctionExpression {
         }
     });
 
-    pub fn into_parts(self) -> Result<FunctionExpressionParts, RequiredParamAfterOptionalParam> {
+    pub fn required_and_optional_params(
+        &self,
+    ) -> Result<(&[Parameter], &[Parameter]), RequiredParamAfterOptionalParam> {
         let Self {
-            start,
+            start: _,
-            end,
+            end: _,
             params,
-            body,
+            body: _,
             digest: _,
             return_type: _,
         } = self;
-        let mut params_required = Vec::with_capacity(params.len());
+        let mut found_optional = false;
-        let mut params_optional = Vec::with_capacity(params.len());
         for param in params {
             if param.optional {
-                params_optional.push(param);
+                found_optional = true;
-            } else {
+            } else if found_optional {
-                if !params_optional.is_empty() {
+                return Err(RequiredParamAfterOptionalParam(param.clone()));
-                    return Err(RequiredParamAfterOptionalParam(param));
-                }
-                params_required.push(param);
             }
         }
-        params_required.shrink_to_fit();
+        let boundary = self.params.partition_point(|param| !param.optional);
-        params_optional.shrink_to_fit();
+        // SAFETY: split_at panics if the boundary is greater than the length.
-        Ok(FunctionExpressionParts {
+        Ok(self.params.split_at(boundary))
-            start,
-            end,
-            params_required,
-            params_optional,
-            body,
-        })
     }
 
     /// Required parameters must be declared before optional parameters.

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/executor.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,20 @@ use crate::{
     std::{FnAsArg, StdLib},
 };
 
+/// State for executing a program.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
+#[ts(export)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ExecState {
+    /// Program variable bindings.
+    pub memory: ProgramMemory,
+    /// Dynamic state that follows dynamic flow of the program.
+    pub dynamic_state: DynamicState,
+    /// The current value of the pipe operator returned from the previous
+    /// expression.  If we're not currently in a pipeline, this will be None.
+    pub pipe_value: Option<KclValue>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
 #[ts(export)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -227,7 +241,7 @@ impl Environment {
 /// Dynamic state that depends on the dynamic flow of the program, like the call
 /// stack.  If the language had exceptions, for example, you could store the
 /// stack of exception handlers here.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Deserialize, Serialize, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
 pub struct DynamicState {
     pub extrude_group_ids: Vec<ExtrudeGroupLazyIds>,
 }
@@ -730,25 +744,10 @@ pub type MemoryFunction =
         memory: ProgramMemory,
         expression: Box<FunctionExpression>,
         metadata: Vec<Metadata>,
-        dynamic_state: DynamicState,
+        exec_state: &ExecState,
         ctx: ExecutorContext,
     ) -> std::pin::Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError>> + Send>>;
 
-fn force_memory_function<
-    F: Fn(
-        Vec<KclValue>,
-        ProgramMemory,
-        Box<FunctionExpression>,
-        Vec<Metadata>,
-        DynamicState,
-        ExecutorContext,
-    ) -> std::pin::Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError>> + Send>>,
->(
-    f: F,
-) -> F {
-    f
-}
-
 impl From<KclValue> for Vec<SourceRange> {
     fn from(item: KclValue) -> Self {
         match item {
@@ -848,9 +847,8 @@ impl KclValue {
         else {
             return None;
         };
-        let func = func.as_ref()?;
         Some(FnAsArg {
-            func,
+            func: func.as_ref(),
             expr: expression.to_owned(),
             memory: memory.to_owned(),
         })
@@ -904,7 +902,7 @@ impl KclValue {
     pub async fn call_fn(
         &self,
         args: Vec<KclValue>,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
         ctx: ExecutorContext,
     ) -> Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError> {
         let KclValue::Function {
@@ -919,21 +917,19 @@ impl KclValue {
                 source_ranges: vec![],
             }));
         };
-        let Some(func) = func else {
+        if let Some(func) = func {
-            return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+            func(
-                message: format!("Not a function: {:?}", expression),
+                args,
-                source_ranges: vec![],
+                closure_memory.as_ref().clone(),
-            }));
+                expression.clone(),
-        };
+                meta.clone(),
-        func(
+                exec_state,
-            args,
+                ctx,
-            closure_memory.as_ref().clone(),
+            )
-            expression.clone(),
+            .await
-            meta.clone(),
+        } else {
-            dynamic_state.clone(),
+            call_user_defined_function(args, closure_memory.as_ref(), expression.as_ref(), exec_state, &ctx).await
-            ctx,
+        }
-        )
-        .await
     }
 }
 
@@ -1356,6 +1352,14 @@ impl From<&ReturnStatement> for Metadata {
     }
 }
 
+impl From<&Expr> for Metadata {
+    fn from(expr: &Expr) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            source_range: SourceRange::from(expr),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// A base path.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
 #[ts(export)]
@@ -1573,25 +1577,6 @@ impl ExtrudeSurface {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
-#[ts(export)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct PipeInfo {
-    pub previous_results: Option<KclValue>,
-}
-
-impl PipeInfo {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self { previous_results: None }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for PipeInfo {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::new()
-    }
-}
-
 /// The executor context.
 /// Cloning will return another handle to the same engine connection/session,
 /// as this uses `Arc` under the hood.
@@ -1773,7 +1758,7 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
         &self,
         program: &crate::ast::types::Program,
         memory: Option<ProgramMemory>,
-    ) -> Result<ProgramMemory, KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<ExecState, KclError> {
         self.run_with_session_data(program, memory).await.map(|x| x.0)
     }
     /// Perform the execution of a program.
@@ -1783,7 +1768,7 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
         &self,
         program: &crate::ast::types::Program,
         memory: Option<ProgramMemory>,
-    ) -> Result<(ProgramMemory, Option<ModelingSessionData>), KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<(ExecState, Option<ModelingSessionData>), KclError> {
         // Before we even start executing the program, set the units.
         self.engine
             .batch_modeling_cmd(
@@ -1794,22 +1779,19 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                 },
             )
             .await?;
-        let mut memory = if let Some(memory) = memory {
+        let memory = if let Some(memory) = memory {
             memory.clone()
         } else {
             Default::default()
         };
-        let mut dynamic_state = DynamicState::default();
+        let mut exec_state = ExecState {
-        let final_memory = self
+            memory,
-            .inner_execute(
+            ..Default::default()
-                program,
+        };
-                &mut memory,
+        self.inner_execute(program, &mut exec_state, crate::executor::BodyType::Root)
-                &mut dynamic_state,
-                crate::executor::BodyType::Root,
-            )
             .await?;
         let session_data = self.engine.get_session_data();
-        Ok((final_memory, session_data))
+        Ok((exec_state, session_data))
     }
 
     /// Execute an AST's program.
@@ -1817,12 +1799,9 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
     pub(crate) async fn inner_execute(
         &self,
         program: &crate::ast::types::Program,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
-        dynamic_state: &mut DynamicState,
         body_type: BodyType,
-    ) -> Result<ProgramMemory, KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<(), KclError> {
-        let pipe_info = PipeInfo::default();
-
         // Iterate over the body of the program.
         for statement in &program.body {
             match statement {
@@ -1831,9 +1810,7 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                     // Discard return value.
                     self.execute_expr(
                         &expression_statement.expression,
-                        memory,
+                        exec_state,
-                        dynamic_state,
-                        &pipe_info,
                         &metadata,
                         StatementKind::Expression,
                     )
@@ -1848,14 +1825,12 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                         let memory_item = self
                             .execute_expr(
                                 &declaration.init,
-                                memory,
+                                exec_state,
-                                dynamic_state,
-                                &pipe_info,
                                 &metadata,
                                 StatementKind::Declaration { name: &var_name },
                             )
                             .await?;
-                        memory.add(&var_name, memory_item, source_range)?;
+                        exec_state.memory.add(&var_name, memory_item, source_range)?;
                     }
                 }
                 BodyItem::ReturnStatement(return_statement) => {
@@ -1863,14 +1838,12 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                     let value = self
                         .execute_expr(
                             &return_statement.argument,
-                            memory,
+                            exec_state,
-                            dynamic_state,
-                            &pipe_info,
                             &metadata,
                             StatementKind::Expression,
                         )
                         .await?;
-                    memory.return_ = Some(value);
+                    exec_state.memory.return_ = Some(value);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1887,81 +1860,38 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                 .await?;
         }
 
-        Ok(memory.clone())
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     pub async fn execute_expr<'a>(
         &self,
         init: &Expr,
-        memory: &mut ProgramMemory,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
-        dynamic_state: &DynamicState,
-        pipe_info: &PipeInfo,
         metadata: &Metadata,
         statement_kind: StatementKind<'a>,
     ) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let item = match init {
             Expr::None(none) => KclValue::from(none),
             Expr::Literal(literal) => KclValue::from(literal),
-            Expr::TagDeclarator(tag) => tag.execute(memory).await?,
+            Expr::TagDeclarator(tag) => tag.execute(exec_state).await?,
             Expr::Identifier(identifier) => {
-                let value = memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
+                let value = exec_state.memory.get(&identifier.name, identifier.into())?;
                 value.clone()
             }
-            Expr::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => {
+            Expr::BinaryExpression(binary_expression) => binary_expression.get_result(exec_state, self).await?,
-                binary_expression
-                    .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self)
-                    .await?
-            }
             Expr::FunctionExpression(function_expression) => {
-                let mem_func = force_memory_function(
-                    |args: Vec<KclValue>,
-                     memory: ProgramMemory,
-                     function_expression: Box<FunctionExpression>,
-                     _metadata: Vec<Metadata>,
-                     mut dynamic_state: DynamicState,
-                     ctx: ExecutorContext| {
-                        Box::pin(async move {
-                            // Create a new environment to execute the function
-                            // body in so that local variables shadow variables
-                            // in the parent scope.  The new environment's
-                            // parent should be the environment of the closure.
-                            let mut body_memory = memory.clone();
-                            let closure_env = memory.current_env;
-                            let body_env = body_memory.new_env_for_call(closure_env);
-                            body_memory.current_env = body_env;
-                            let mut fn_memory = assign_args_to_params(&function_expression, args, body_memory)?;
-
-                            let result = ctx
-                                .inner_execute(
-                                    &function_expression.body,
-                                    &mut fn_memory,
-                                    &mut dynamic_state,
-                                    BodyType::Block,
-                                )
-                                .await?;
-
-                            Ok(result.return_)
-                        })
-                    },
-                );
                 // Cloning memory here is crucial for semantics so that we close
                 // over variables.  Variables defined lexically later shouldn't
                 // be available to the function body.
                 KclValue::Function {
                     expression: function_expression.clone(),
                     meta: vec![metadata.to_owned()],
-                    func: Some(mem_func),
+                    func: None,
-                    memory: Box::new(memory.clone()),
+                    memory: Box::new(exec_state.memory.clone()),
                 }
             }
-            Expr::CallExpression(call_expression) => {
+            Expr::CallExpression(call_expression) => call_expression.execute(exec_state, self).await?,
-                call_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self).await?
+            Expr::PipeExpression(pipe_expression) => pipe_expression.get_result(exec_state, self).await?,
-            }
-            Expr::PipeExpression(pipe_expression) => {
-                pipe_expression
-                    .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self)
-                    .await?
-            }
             Expr::PipeSubstitution(pipe_substitution) => match statement_kind {
                 StatementKind::Declaration { name } => {
                     let message = format!(
@@ -1973,7 +1903,7 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                         source_ranges: vec![pipe_substitution.into()],
                     }));
                 }
-                StatementKind::Expression => match pipe_info.previous_results.clone() {
+                StatementKind::Expression => match exec_state.pipe_value.clone() {
                     Some(x) => x,
                     None => {
                         return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -1983,20 +1913,10 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                     }
                 },
             },
-            Expr::ArrayExpression(array_expression) => {
+            Expr::ArrayExpression(array_expression) => array_expression.execute(exec_state, self).await?,
-                array_expression.execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self).await?
+            Expr::ObjectExpression(object_expression) => object_expression.execute(exec_state, self).await?,
-            }
+            Expr::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(exec_state)?,
-            Expr::ObjectExpression(object_expression) => {
+            Expr::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.get_result(exec_state, self).await?,
-                object_expression
-                    .execute(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self)
-                    .await?
-            }
-            Expr::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(memory)?,
-            Expr::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => {
-                unary_expression
-                    .get_result(memory, dynamic_state, pipe_info, self)
-                    .await?
-            }
         };
         Ok(item)
     }
@@ -2097,6 +2017,36 @@ fn assign_args_to_params(
     Ok(fn_memory)
 }
 
+pub(crate) async fn call_user_defined_function(
+    args: Vec<KclValue>,
+    memory: &ProgramMemory,
+    function_expression: &FunctionExpression,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    ctx: &ExecutorContext,
+) -> Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError> {
+    // Create a new environment to execute the function body in so that local
+    // variables shadow variables in the parent scope.  The new environment's
+    // parent should be the environment of the closure.
+    let mut body_memory = memory.clone();
+    let body_env = body_memory.new_env_for_call(memory.current_env);
+    body_memory.current_env = body_env;
+    let fn_memory = assign_args_to_params(function_expression, args, body_memory)?;
+
+    // Execute the function body using the memory we just created.
+    let (result, fn_memory) = {
+        let previous_memory = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.memory, fn_memory);
+        let result = ctx
+            .inner_execute(&function_expression.body, exec_state, BodyType::Block)
+            .await;
+        // Restore the previous memory.
+        let fn_memory = std::mem::replace(&mut exec_state.memory, previous_memory);
+
+        (result, fn_memory)
+    };
+
+    result.map(|()| fn_memory.return_)
+}
+
 pub enum StatementKind<'a> {
     Declaration { name: &'a str },
     Expression,
@@ -2122,9 +2072,9 @@ mod tests {
             settings: Default::default(),
             is_mock: true,
         };
-        let memory = ctx.run(&program, None).await?;
+        let exec_state = ctx.run(&program, None).await?;
 
-        Ok(memory)
+        Ok(exec_state.memory)
     }
 
     /// Convenience function to get a JSON value from memory and unwrap.

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/function_param.rs

@@ -3,30 +3,36 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 use crate::{
     ast::types::FunctionExpression,
     errors::KclError,
-    executor::{DynamicState, ExecutorContext, KclValue, MemoryFunction, Metadata, ProgramMemory},
+    executor::{
+        call_user_defined_function, ExecState, ExecutorContext, KclValue, MemoryFunction, Metadata, ProgramMemory,
+    },
 };
 
-/// A function being used as a parameter into a stdlib function.
+/// A function being used as a parameter into a stdlib function.  This is a
+/// closure, plus everything needed to execute it.
 pub struct FunctionParam<'a> {
-    pub inner: &'a MemoryFunction,
+    pub inner: Option<&'a MemoryFunction>,
     pub memory: ProgramMemory,
-    pub dynamic_state: DynamicState,
     pub fn_expr: Box<FunctionExpression>,
     pub meta: Vec<Metadata>,
     pub ctx: ExecutorContext,
 }
 
 impl<'a> FunctionParam<'a> {
-    pub async fn call(&self, args: Vec<KclValue>) -> Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError> {
+    pub async fn call(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Vec<KclValue>) -> Result<Option<KclValue>, KclError> {
-        (self.inner)(
+        if let Some(inner) = self.inner {
-            args,
+            inner(
-            self.memory.clone(),
+                args,
-            self.fn_expr.clone(),
+                self.memory.clone(),
-            self.meta.clone(),
+                self.fn_expr.clone(),
-            self.dynamic_state.clone(),
+                self.meta.clone(),
-            self.ctx.clone(),
+                exec_state,
-        )
+                self.ctx.clone(),
-        .await
+            )
+            .await
+        } else {
+            call_user_defined_function(args, &self.memory, self.fn_expr.as_ref(), exec_state, &self.ctx).await
+        }
     }
 }
 

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/lsp/kcl/mod.rs

@@ -591,8 +591,8 @@ impl Backend {
         // Clear the scene, before we execute so it's not fugly as shit.
         executor_ctx.engine.clear_scene(SourceRange::default()).await?;
 
-        let memory = match executor_ctx.run(ast, None).await {
+        let exec_state = match executor_ctx.run(ast, None).await {
-            Ok(memory) => memory,
+            Ok(exec_state) => exec_state,
             Err(err) => {
                 self.memory_map.remove(params.uri.as_str());
                 self.add_to_diagnostics(params, &[err], false).await;
@@ -603,11 +603,12 @@ impl Backend {
             }
         };
 
-        self.memory_map.insert(params.uri.to_string(), memory.clone());
+        self.memory_map
+            .insert(params.uri.to_string(), exec_state.memory.clone());
 
         // Send the notification to the client that the memory was updated.
         self.client
-            .send_notification::<custom_notifications::MemoryUpdated>(memory)
+            .send_notification::<custom_notifications::MemoryUpdated>(exec_state.memory)
             .await;
 
         Ok(())

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/args.rs

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ use crate::{
     ast::types::{parse_json_number_as_f64, TagDeclarator},
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     executor::{
-        DynamicState, ExecutorContext, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, ExtrudeSurface, KclValue, Metadata,
+        ExecState, ExecutorContext, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, ExtrudeSurface, KclValue, Metadata, SketchGroup,
-        ProgramMemory, SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet, SketchSurface, SourceRange, TagIdentifier,
+        SketchGroupSet, SketchSurface, SourceRange, TagIdentifier,
     },
     std::{shapes::SketchSurfaceOrGroup, sketch::FaceTag, FnAsArg},
 };
@@ -19,24 +19,14 @@ pub struct Args {
     pub args: Vec<KclValue>,
     pub source_range: SourceRange,
     pub ctx: ExecutorContext,
-    pub current_program_memory: ProgramMemory,
-    pub dynamic_state: DynamicState,
 }
 
 impl Args {
-    pub fn new(
+    pub fn new(args: Vec<KclValue>, source_range: SourceRange, ctx: ExecutorContext) -> Self {
-        args: Vec<KclValue>,
-        source_range: SourceRange,
-        ctx: ExecutorContext,
-        current_program_memory: ProgramMemory,
-        dynamic_state: DynamicState,
-    ) -> Self {
         Self {
             args,
             source_range,
             ctx,
-            current_program_memory,
-            dynamic_state,
         }
     }
 
@@ -54,8 +44,6 @@ impl Args {
                 settings: Default::default(),
                 is_mock: true,
             },
-            current_program_memory: ProgramMemory::default(),
-            dynamic_state: DynamicState::default(),
         })
     }
 
@@ -88,11 +76,12 @@ impl Args {
         self.ctx.engine.send_modeling_cmd(id, self.source_range, cmd).await
     }
 
-    fn get_tag_info_from_memory<'a>(
+    fn get_tag_info_from_memory<'a, 'e>(
         &'a self,
+        exec_state: &'e mut ExecState,
         tag: &'a TagIdentifier,
-    ) -> Result<&'a crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<&'e crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError> {
-        if let KclValue::TagIdentifier(t) = self.current_program_memory.get(&tag.value, self.source_range)? {
+        if let KclValue::TagIdentifier(t) = exec_state.memory.get(&tag.value, self.source_range)? {
             Ok(t.info.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
                 KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
                     message: format!("Tag `{}` does not have engine info", tag.value),
@@ -107,34 +96,43 @@ impl Args {
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn get_tag_engine_info<'a>(
+    pub(crate) fn get_tag_engine_info<'a, 'e>(
         &'a self,
+        exec_state: &'e mut ExecState,
         tag: &'a TagIdentifier,
-    ) -> Result<&'a crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<&'a crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError>
+    where
+        'e: 'a,
+    {
         if let Some(info) = &tag.info {
             return Ok(info);
         }
 
-        self.get_tag_info_from_memory(tag)
+        self.get_tag_info_from_memory(exec_state, tag)
     }
 
-    fn get_tag_engine_info_check_surface<'a>(
+    fn get_tag_engine_info_check_surface<'a, 'e>(
         &'a self,
+        exec_state: &'e mut ExecState,
         tag: &'a TagIdentifier,
-    ) -> Result<&'a crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError> {
+    ) -> Result<&'a crate::executor::TagEngineInfo, KclError>
+    where
+        'e: 'a,
+    {
         if let Some(info) = &tag.info {
             if info.surface.is_some() {
                 return Ok(info);
             }
         }
 
-        self.get_tag_info_from_memory(tag)
+        self.get_tag_info_from_memory(exec_state, tag)
     }
 
     /// Flush just the fillets and chamfers for this specific ExtrudeGroupSet.
     #[allow(clippy::vec_box)]
     pub(crate) async fn flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(
         &self,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
         extrude_groups: Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>>,
     ) -> Result<(), KclError> {
         // Make sure we don't traverse sketch_groups more than once.
@@ -148,12 +146,13 @@ impl Args {
             if !traversed_sketch_groups.contains(&sketch_group_id) {
                 // Find all the extrude groups on the same shared sketch group.
                 ids.extend(
-                    self.current_program_memory
+                    exec_state
+                        .memory
                         .find_extrude_groups_on_sketch_group(extrude_group.sketch_group.id)
                         .iter()
                         .flat_map(|eg| eg.get_all_edge_cut_ids()),
                 );
-                ids.extend(self.dynamic_state.edge_cut_ids_on_sketch_group(sketch_group_id));
+                ids.extend(exec_state.dynamic_state.edge_cut_ids_on_sketch_group(sketch_group_id));
                 traversed_sketch_groups.push(sketch_group_id);
             }
 
@@ -380,6 +379,7 @@ impl Args {
 
     pub(crate) async fn get_adjacent_face_to_tag(
         &self,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
         tag: &TagIdentifier,
         must_be_planar: bool,
     ) -> Result<uuid::Uuid, KclError> {
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ impl Args {
             }));
         }
 
-        let engine_info = self.get_tag_engine_info_check_surface(tag)?;
+        let engine_info = self.get_tag_engine_info_check_surface(exec_state, tag)?;
 
         let surface = engine_info.surface.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
             KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/array.rs

@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{KclValue, SketchGroup, SourceRange, UserVal},
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue, SketchGroup, SourceRange, UserVal},
     function_param::FunctionParam,
 };
 
 use super::{args::FromArgs, Args, FnAsArg};
 
 /// For each item in an array, update a value.
-pub async fn array_reduce(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn array_reduce(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (array, start, f): (Vec<u64>, SketchGroup, FnAsArg<'_>) = FromArgs::from_args(&args, 0)?;
     let reduce_fn = FunctionParam {
         inner: f.func,
@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ pub async fn array_reduce(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         meta: vec![args.source_range.into()],
         ctx: args.ctx.clone(),
         memory: *f.memory,
-        dynamic_state: args.dynamic_state.clone(),
     };
-    inner_array_reduce(array, start, reduce_fn, &args)
+    inner_array_reduce(array, start, reduce_fn, exec_state, &args)
         .await
         .map(|sg| KclValue::UserVal(UserVal::set(sg.meta.clone(), sg)))
 }
@@ -46,11 +45,12 @@ async fn inner_array_reduce<'a>(
     array: Vec<u64>,
     start: SketchGroup,
     reduce_fn: FunctionParam<'a>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: &'a Args,
 ) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
     let mut reduced = start;
     for i in array {
-        reduced = call_reduce_closure(i, reduced, &reduce_fn, args.source_range).await?;
+        reduced = call_reduce_closure(i, reduced, &reduce_fn, args.source_range, exec_state).await?;
     }
 
     Ok(reduced)
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ async fn call_reduce_closure<'a>(
     start: SketchGroup,
     reduce_fn: &FunctionParam<'a>,
     source_range: SourceRange,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
 ) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
     // Call the reduce fn for this repetition.
     let reduce_fn_args = vec![
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ async fn call_reduce_closure<'a>(
         }),
         KclValue::new_user_val(start.meta.clone(), start),
     ];
-    let transform_fn_return = reduce_fn.call(reduce_fn_args).await?;
+    let transform_fn_return = reduce_fn.call(exec_state, reduce_fn_args).await?;
 
     // Unpack the returned transform object.
     let source_ranges = vec![source_range];

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/assert.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::KclValue,
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue},
     std::Args,
 };
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ async fn _assert(value: bool, message: &str, args: &Args) -> Result<(), KclError
 
 /// Check that the provided value is true, or raise a [KclError]
 /// with the provided description.
-pub async fn assert(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, description): (bool, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert(data, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async fn inner_assert(data: bool, message: &str, args: &Args) -> Result<(), KclE
     _assert(data, message, args).await
 }
 
-pub async fn assert_lt(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert_lt(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (left, right, description): (f64, f64, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert_lt(left, right, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ async fn inner_assert_lt(left: f64, right: f64, message: &str, args: &Args) -> R
     _assert(left < right, message, args).await
 }
 
-pub async fn assert_gt(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert_gt(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (left, right, description): (f64, f64, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert_gt(left, right, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ async fn inner_assert_equal(left: f64, right: f64, epsilon: f64, message: &str,
     }
 }
 
-pub async fn assert_equal(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert_equal(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (left, right, epsilon, description): (f64, f64, f64, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert_equal(left, right, epsilon, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ async fn inner_assert_gt(left: f64, right: f64, message: &str, args: &Args) -> R
     _assert(left > right, message, args).await
 }
 
-pub async fn assert_lte(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert_lte(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (left, right, description): (f64, f64, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert_lte(left, right, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ async fn inner_assert_lte(left: f64, right: f64, message: &str, args: &Args) ->
     _assert(left <= right, message, args).await
 }
 
-pub async fn assert_gte(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn assert_gte(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (left, right, description): (f64, f64, String) = args.get_data()?;
     inner_assert_gte(left, right, &description, &args).await?;
     args.make_null_user_val()

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/chamfer.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use crate::{
     ast::types::TagDeclarator,
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{ChamferSurface, EdgeCut, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue},
+    executor::{ChamferSurface, EdgeCut, ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue},
     std::{fillet::EdgeReference, Args},
 };
 
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ pub struct ChamferData {
 }
 
 /// Create chamfers on tagged paths.
-pub async fn chamfer(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn chamfer(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group, tag): (ChamferData, Box<ExtrudeGroup>, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_extrude_group_and_tag()?;
 
-    let extrude_group = inner_chamfer(data, extrude_group, tag, args).await?;
+    let extrude_group = inner_chamfer(data, extrude_group, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::ExtrudeGroup(extrude_group))
 }
 
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ async fn inner_chamfer(
     data: ChamferData,
     extrude_group: Box<ExtrudeGroup>,
     tag: Option<TagDeclarator>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<ExtrudeGroup>, KclError> {
     // Check if tags contains any duplicate values.
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ async fn inner_chamfer(
     for edge_tag in data.tags {
         let edge_id = match edge_tag {
             EdgeReference::Uuid(uuid) => uuid,
-            EdgeReference::Tag(edge_tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(&edge_tag)?.id,
+            EdgeReference::Tag(edge_tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &edge_tag)?.id,
         };
 
         let id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4();

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/convert.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{KclValue, SourceRange},
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue, SourceRange},
     std::Args,
 };
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ impl ConversionError {
 }
 
 /// Converts a number to integer.
-pub async fn int(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn int(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let converted = inner_int(num).map_err(|err| err.into_kcl_error(args.source_range))?;
 

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/extrude.rs

@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     executor::{
-        ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, ExtrudeSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue, Path, SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet,
+        ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, ExtrudeSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue, Path, SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet,
         SketchSurface,
     },
     std::Args,
 };
 
 /// Extrudes by a given amount.
-pub async fn extrude(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn extrude(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (length, sketch_group_set) = args.get_number_sketch_group_set()?;
 
     let result = inner_extrude(length, sketch_group_set, args).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/fillet.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
     ast::types::TagDeclarator,
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{EdgeCut, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeSurface, FilletSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue, TagIdentifier, UserVal},
+    executor::{
+        EdgeCut, ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeSurface, FilletSurface, GeoMeta, KclValue, TagIdentifier, UserVal,
+    },
     settings::types::UnitLength,
     std::Args,
 };
@@ -41,11 +43,11 @@ pub enum EdgeReference {
 }
 
 /// Create fillets on tagged paths.
-pub async fn fillet(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn fillet(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group, tag): (FilletData, Box<ExtrudeGroup>, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_extrude_group_and_tag()?;
 
-    let extrude_group = inner_fillet(data, extrude_group, tag, args).await?;
+    let extrude_group = inner_fillet(data, extrude_group, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::ExtrudeGroup(extrude_group))
 }
 
@@ -112,6 +114,7 @@ async fn inner_fillet(
     data: FilletData,
     extrude_group: Box<ExtrudeGroup>,
     tag: Option<TagDeclarator>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<ExtrudeGroup>, KclError> {
     // Check if tags contains any duplicate values.
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ async fn inner_fillet(
     for edge_tag in data.tags {
         let edge_id = match edge_tag {
             EdgeReference::Uuid(uuid) => uuid,
-            EdgeReference::Tag(edge_tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(&edge_tag)?.id,
+            EdgeReference::Tag(edge_tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &edge_tag)?.id,
         };
 
         let id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4();
@@ -172,10 +175,10 @@ async fn inner_fillet(
 }
 
 /// Get the opposite edge to the edge given.
-pub async fn get_opposite_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn get_opposite_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
 
-    let edge = inner_get_opposite_edge(tag, args.clone()).await?;
+    let edge = inner_get_opposite_edge(tag, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
         value: serde_json::to_value(edge).map_err(|e| {
             KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -217,13 +220,13 @@ pub async fn get_opposite_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "getOppositeEdge",
 }]
-async fn inner_get_opposite_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
+async fn inner_get_opposite_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
     if args.ctx.is_mock {
         return Ok(Uuid::new_v4());
     }
-    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(&tag)?;
+    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(exec_state, &tag, false).await?;
 
-    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(&tag, false).await?;
+    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &tag)?;
 
     let resp = args
         .send_modeling_cmd(
@@ -249,10 +252,10 @@ async fn inner_get_opposite_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<Uuid,
 }
 
 /// Get the next adjacent edge to the edge given.
-pub async fn get_next_adjacent_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn get_next_adjacent_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
 
-    let edge = inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(tag, args.clone()).await?;
+    let edge = inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(tag, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
         value: serde_json::to_value(edge).map_err(|e| {
             KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -294,13 +297,17 @@ pub async fn get_next_adjacent_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "getNextAdjacentEdge",
 }]
-async fn inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
+async fn inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(
+    tag: TagIdentifier,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    args: Args,
+) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
     if args.ctx.is_mock {
         return Ok(Uuid::new_v4());
     }
-    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(&tag)?;
+    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(exec_state, &tag, false).await?;
 
-    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(&tag, false).await?;
+    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &tag)?;
 
     let resp = args
         .send_modeling_cmd(
@@ -331,10 +338,10 @@ async fn inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<
 }
 
 /// Get the previous adjacent edge to the edge given.
-pub async fn get_previous_adjacent_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn get_previous_adjacent_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
 
-    let edge = inner_get_previous_adjacent_edge(tag, args.clone()).await?;
+    let edge = inner_get_previous_adjacent_edge(tag, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
         value: serde_json::to_value(edge).map_err(|e| {
             KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -376,13 +383,17 @@ pub async fn get_previous_adjacent_edge(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError
 #[stdlib {
     name = "getPreviousAdjacentEdge",
 }]
-async fn inner_get_previous_adjacent_edge(tag: TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
+async fn inner_get_previous_adjacent_edge(
+    tag: TagIdentifier,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    args: Args,
+) -> Result<Uuid, KclError> {
     if args.ctx.is_mock {
         return Ok(Uuid::new_v4());
     }
-    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(&tag)?;
+    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(exec_state, &tag, false).await?;
 
-    let face_id = args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(&tag, false).await?;
+    let tagged_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &tag)?;
 
     let resp = args
         .send_modeling_cmd(

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/helix.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     errors::KclError,
-    executor::{ExtrudeGroup, KclValue},
+    executor::{ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, KclValue},
     std::Args,
 };
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub struct HelixData {
 }
 
 /// Create a helix on a cylinder.
-pub async fn helix(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn helix(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group): (HelixData, Box<ExtrudeGroup>) = args.get_data_and_extrude_group()?;
 
     let extrude_group = inner_helix(data, extrude_group, args).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/import.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{ImportedGeometry, KclValue},
+    executor::{ExecState, ImportedGeometry, KclValue},
     fs::FileSystem,
     std::Args,
 };
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ impl From<ImportFormat> for kittycad::types::InputFormat {
 ///
 /// Import paths are relative to the current project directory. This only works in the desktop app
 /// not in browser.
-pub async fn import(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn import(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (file_path, options): (String, Option<ImportFormat>) = args.get_import_data()?;
 
     let imported_geometry = inner_import(file_path, options, args).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/loft.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{ExtrudeGroup, KclValue, SketchGroup},
+    executor::{ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, KclValue, SketchGroup},
     std::{extrude::do_post_extrude, fillet::default_tolerance, Args},
 };
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ impl Default for LoftData {
 }
 
 /// Create a 3D surface or solid by interpolating between two or more sketches.
-pub async fn loft(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn loft(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (sketch_groups, data): (Vec<SketchGroup>, Option<LoftData>) = args.get_sketch_groups_and_data()?;
 
     let extrude_group = inner_loft(sketch_groups, data, args).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/math.rs

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::KclValue,
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue},
     std::Args,
 };
 
 /// Compute the cosine of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn cos(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn cos(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_cos(num)?;
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn inner_cos(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the sine of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn sin(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn sin(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_sin(num)?;
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ fn inner_sin(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the tangent of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn tan(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn tan(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_tan(num)?;
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ fn inner_tan(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Return the value of `pi`. Archimedes’ constant (π).
-pub async fn pi(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pi(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_pi()?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ fn inner_pi() -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the square root of a number.
-pub async fn sqrt(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn sqrt(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_sqrt(num)?;
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ fn inner_sqrt(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the absolute value of a number.
-pub async fn abs(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn abs(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_abs(num)?;
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ fn inner_abs(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
-pub async fn floor(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn floor(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_floor(num)?;
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ fn inner_floor(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
-pub async fn ceil(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn ceil(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_ceil(num)?;
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ fn inner_ceil(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the minimum of the given arguments.
-pub async fn min(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn min(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let nums = args.get_number_array()?;
     let result = inner_min(nums);
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ fn inner_min(args: Vec<f64>) -> f64 {
 }
 
 /// Compute the maximum of the given arguments.
-pub async fn max(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn max(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let nums = args.get_number_array()?;
     let result = inner_max(nums);
 
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ fn inner_max(args: Vec<f64>) -> f64 {
 }
 
 /// Compute the number to a power.
-pub async fn pow(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pow(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let nums = args.get_number_array()?;
     if nums.len() > 2 {
         return Err(KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ fn inner_pow(num: f64, pow: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the arccosine of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn acos(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn acos(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_acos(num)?;
 
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ fn inner_acos(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the arcsine of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn asin(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn asin(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_asin(num)?;
 
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ fn inner_asin(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the arctangent of a number (in radians).
-pub async fn atan(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn atan(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_atan(num)?;
 
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ fn inner_atan(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 /// The result might not be correctly rounded owing to implementation
 /// details; `log2()` can produce more accurate results for base 2,
 /// and `log10()` can produce more accurate results for base 10.
-pub async fn log(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn log(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let nums = args.get_number_array()?;
     if nums.len() > 2 {
         return Err(KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ fn inner_log(num: f64, base: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the base 2 logarithm of the number.
-pub async fn log2(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn log2(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_log2(num)?;
 
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ fn inner_log2(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the base 10 logarithm of the number.
-pub async fn log10(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn log10(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_log10(num)?;
 
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ fn inner_log10(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Compute the natural logarithm of the number.
-pub async fn ln(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn ln(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_ln(num)?;
 
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ fn inner_ln(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Return the value of Euler’s number `e`.
-pub async fn e(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn e(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_e()?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ fn inner_e() -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Return the value of `tau`. The full circle constant (τ). Equal to 2π.
-pub async fn tau(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn tau(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_tau()?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ fn inner_tau() -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Converts a number from degrees to radians.
-pub async fn to_radians(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn to_radians(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_to_radians(num)?;
 
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ fn inner_to_radians(num: f64) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Converts a number from radians to degrees.
-pub async fn to_degrees(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn to_degrees(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let num = args.get_number()?;
     let result = inner_to_degrees(num)?;
 

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/mod.rs

@@ -38,11 +38,14 @@ use crate::{
     ast::types::FunctionExpression,
     docs::StdLibFn,
     errors::KclError,
-    executor::{KclValue, ProgramMemory, SketchGroup, SketchSurface},
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue, ProgramMemory, SketchGroup, SketchSurface},
     std::kcl_stdlib::KclStdLibFn,
 };
 
-pub type StdFn = fn(Args) -> std::pin::Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = Result<KclValue, KclError>> + Send>>;
+pub type StdFn = fn(
+    &mut ExecState,
+    Args,
+) -> std::pin::Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = Result<KclValue, KclError>> + Send + '_>>;
 
 pub type FnMap = HashMap<String, StdFn>;
 
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ pub enum FunctionKind {
 }
 
 /// Compute the length of the given leg.
-pub async fn leg_length(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn leg_length(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (hypotenuse, leg) = args.get_hypotenuse_leg()?;
     let result = inner_leg_length(hypotenuse, leg);
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -248,7 +251,7 @@ fn inner_leg_length(hypotenuse: f64, leg: f64) -> f64 {
 }
 
 /// Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
-pub async fn leg_angle_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn leg_angle_x(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (hypotenuse, leg) = args.get_hypotenuse_leg()?;
     let result = inner_leg_angle_x(hypotenuse, leg);
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -268,7 +271,7 @@ fn inner_leg_angle_x(hypotenuse: f64, leg: f64) -> f64 {
 }
 
 /// Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
-pub async fn leg_angle_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn leg_angle_y(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (hypotenuse, leg) = args.get_hypotenuse_leg()?;
     let result = inner_leg_angle_y(hypotenuse, leg);
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -302,8 +305,9 @@ pub enum Primitive {
     Uuid,
 }
 
+/// A closure used as an argument to a stdlib function.
 pub struct FnAsArg<'a> {
-    pub func: &'a crate::executor::MemoryFunction,
+    pub func: Option<&'a crate::executor::MemoryFunction>,
     pub expr: Box<FunctionExpression>,
     pub memory: Box<ProgramMemory>,
 }

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/patterns.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     executor::{
-        ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, Geometries, Geometry, KclValue, Point3d, SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet,
+        ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, ExtrudeGroupSet, Geometries, Geometry, KclValue, Point3d, SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet,
         SourceRange, UserVal,
     },
     function_param::FunctionParam,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ impl LinearPattern {
 /// A linear pattern
 /// Each element in the pattern repeats a particular piece of geometry.
 /// The repetitions can be transformed by the `transform` parameter.
-pub async fn pattern_transform(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pattern_transform(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (num_repetitions, transform, extr) = args.get_pattern_transform_args()?;
 
     let extrude_groups = inner_pattern_transform(
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ pub async fn pattern_transform(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
             meta: vec![args.source_range.into()],
             ctx: args.ctx.clone(),
             memory: *transform.memory,
-            dynamic_state: args.dynamic_state.clone(),
         },
         extr,
+        exec_state,
         &args,
     )
     .await?;
@@ -131,18 +131,19 @@ async fn inner_pattern_transform<'a>(
     num_repetitions: u32,
     transform_function: FunctionParam<'a>,
     extrude_group_set: ExtrudeGroupSet,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: &'a Args,
 ) -> Result<Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>>, KclError> {
     // Build the vec of transforms, one for each repetition.
     let mut transform = Vec::with_capacity(usize::try_from(num_repetitions).unwrap());
     for i in 0..num_repetitions {
-        let t = make_transform(i, &transform_function, args.source_range).await?;
+        let t = make_transform(i, &transform_function, args.source_range, exec_state).await?;
         transform.push(t);
     }
     // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
     // If we do not flush these, then you won't be able to pattern something with fillets.
     // Flush just the fillets/chamfers that apply to these extrude groups.
-    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(extrude_group_set.clone().into())
+    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, extrude_group_set.clone().into())
         .await?;
 
     let starting_extrude_groups: Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>> = extrude_group_set.into();
@@ -201,6 +202,7 @@ async fn make_transform<'a>(
     i: u32,
     transform_function: &FunctionParam<'a>,
     source_range: SourceRange,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
 ) -> Result<kittycad::types::Transform, KclError> {
     // Call the transform fn for this repetition.
     let repetition_num = KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ async fn make_transform<'a>(
         meta: vec![source_range.into()],
     });
     let transform_fn_args = vec![repetition_num];
-    let transform_fn_return = transform_function.call(transform_fn_args).await?;
+    let transform_fn_return = transform_function.call(exec_state, transform_fn_args).await?;
 
     // Unpack the returned transform object.
     let source_ranges = vec![source_range];
@@ -299,7 +301,7 @@ mod tests {
 }
 
 /// A linear pattern on a 2D sketch.
-pub async fn pattern_linear_2d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pattern_linear_2d(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group_set): (LinearPattern2dData, SketchGroupSet) = args.get_data_and_sketch_group_set()?;
 
     if data.axis == [0.0, 0.0] {
@@ -366,7 +368,7 @@ async fn inner_pattern_linear_2d(
 }
 
 /// A linear pattern on a 3D model.
-pub async fn pattern_linear_3d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pattern_linear_3d(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group_set): (LinearPattern3dData, ExtrudeGroupSet) = args.get_data_and_extrude_group_set()?;
 
     if data.axis == [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] {
@@ -378,7 +380,7 @@ pub async fn pattern_linear_3d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         }));
     }
 
-    let extrude_groups = inner_pattern_linear_3d(data, extrude_group_set, args).await?;
+    let extrude_groups = inner_pattern_linear_3d(data, extrude_group_set, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(extrude_groups.into())
 }
 
@@ -406,12 +408,13 @@ pub async fn pattern_linear_3d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 async fn inner_pattern_linear_3d(
     data: LinearPattern3dData,
     extrude_group_set: ExtrudeGroupSet,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>>, KclError> {
     // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
     // If we do not flush these, then you won't be able to pattern something with fillets.
     // Flush just the fillets/chamfers that apply to these extrude groups.
-    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(extrude_group_set.clone().into())
+    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, extrude_group_set.clone().into())
         .await?;
 
     let starting_extrude_groups: Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>> = extrude_group_set.into();
@@ -574,7 +577,7 @@ impl CircularPattern {
 }
 
 /// A circular pattern on a 2D sketch.
-pub async fn pattern_circular_2d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pattern_circular_2d(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group_set): (CircularPattern2dData, SketchGroupSet) = args.get_data_and_sketch_group_set()?;
 
     let sketch_groups = inner_pattern_circular_2d(data, sketch_group_set, args).await?;
@@ -639,10 +642,10 @@ async fn inner_pattern_circular_2d(
 }
 
 /// A circular pattern on a 3D model.
-pub async fn pattern_circular_3d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn pattern_circular_3d(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group_set): (CircularPattern3dData, ExtrudeGroupSet) = args.get_data_and_extrude_group_set()?;
 
-    let extrude_groups = inner_pattern_circular_3d(data, extrude_group_set, args).await?;
+    let extrude_groups = inner_pattern_circular_3d(data, extrude_group_set, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(extrude_groups.into())
 }
 
@@ -670,12 +673,13 @@ pub async fn pattern_circular_3d(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 async fn inner_pattern_circular_3d(
     data: CircularPattern3dData,
     extrude_group_set: ExtrudeGroupSet,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>>, KclError> {
     // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
     // If we do not flush these, then you won't be able to pattern something with fillets.
     // Flush just the fillets/chamfers that apply to these extrude groups.
-    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(extrude_group_set.clone().into())
+    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, extrude_group_set.clone().into())
         .await?;
 
     let starting_extrude_groups: Vec<Box<ExtrudeGroup>> = extrude_group_set.into();

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/planes.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     errors::KclError,
-    executor::{KclValue, Metadata, Plane, UserVal},
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue, Metadata, Plane, UserVal},
     std::{sketch::PlaneData, Args},
 };
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ impl From<StandardPlane> for PlaneData {
 }
 
 /// Offset a plane by a distance along its normal.
-pub async fn offset_plane(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn offset_plane(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (std_plane, offset): (StandardPlane, f64) = args.get_data_and_float()?;
 
     let plane = inner_offset_plane(std_plane, offset).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/polar.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,11 @@ use derive_docs::stdlib;
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-use crate::{errors::KclError, executor::KclValue, std::Args};
+use crate::{
+    errors::KclError,
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue},
+    std::Args,
+};
 
 /// Data for polar coordinates.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, ts_rs::TS, JsonSchema)]
@@ -19,7 +23,7 @@ pub struct PolarCoordsData {
 }
 
 /// Convert from polar/sphere coordinates to cartesian coordinates.
-pub async fn polar(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn polar(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let data: PolarCoordsData = args.get_data()?;
     let result = inner_polar(&data)?;
 

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/revolve.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{ExtrudeGroup, KclValue, SketchGroup},
+    executor::{ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, KclValue, SketchGroup},
     std::{
         extrude::do_post_extrude,
         fillet::{default_tolerance, EdgeReference},
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ impl RevolveAxisAndOrigin {
 }
 
 /// Revolve a sketch around an axis.
-pub async fn revolve(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn revolve(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group): (RevolveData, SketchGroup) = args.get_data_and_sketch_group()?;
 
-    let extrude_group = inner_revolve(data, sketch_group, args).await?;
+    let extrude_group = inner_revolve(data, sketch_group, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::ExtrudeGroup(extrude_group))
 }
 
@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ pub async fn revolve(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 async fn inner_revolve(
     data: RevolveData,
     sketch_group: SketchGroup,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<ExtrudeGroup>, KclError> {
     if let Some(angle) = data.angle {
@@ -284,7 +285,7 @@ async fn inner_revolve(
         RevolveAxis::Edge(edge) => {
             let edge_id = match edge {
                 EdgeReference::Uuid(uuid) => uuid,
-                EdgeReference::Tag(tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(&tag)?.id,
+                EdgeReference::Tag(tag) => args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &tag)?.id,
             };
             args.batch_modeling_cmd(
                 id,

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/segment.rs

@@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{KclValue, SketchGroup, TagIdentifier},
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue, SketchGroup, TagIdentifier},
     std::{utils::between, Args},
 };
 
 /// Returns the segment end of x.
-pub async fn segment_end_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn segment_end_x(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
-    let result = inner_segment_end_x(&tag, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_segment_end_x(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ pub async fn segment_end_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "segEndX",
 }]
-fn inner_segment_end_x(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
+fn inner_segment_end_x(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ fn inner_segment_end_x(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError>
 }
 
 /// Returns the segment end of y.
-pub async fn segment_end_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn segment_end_y(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
-    let result = inner_segment_end_y(&tag, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_segment_end_y(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ pub async fn segment_end_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "segEndY",
 }]
-fn inner_segment_end_y(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
+fn inner_segment_end_y(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ fn inner_segment_end_y(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError>
 }
 
 /// Returns the last segment of x.
-pub async fn last_segment_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn last_segment_x(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let sketch_group = args.get_sketch_group()?;
     let result = inner_last_segment_x(sketch_group, args.clone())?;
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ fn inner_last_segment_x(sketch_group: SketchGroup, args: Args) -> Result<f64, Kc
 }
 
 /// Returns the last segment of y.
-pub async fn last_segment_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn last_segment_y(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let sketch_group = args.get_sketch_group()?;
     let result = inner_last_segment_y(sketch_group, args.clone())?;
 
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@ fn inner_last_segment_y(sketch_group: SketchGroup, args: Args) -> Result<f64, Kc
 }
 
 /// Returns the length of the segment.
-pub async fn segment_length(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn segment_length(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
-    let result = inner_segment_length(&tag, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_segment_length(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
 
@@ -200,8 +200,8 @@ pub async fn segment_length(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "segLen",
 }]
-fn inner_segment_length(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
+fn inner_segment_length(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ fn inner_segment_length(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError
 }
 
 /// Returns the angle of the segment.
-pub async fn segment_angle(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn segment_angle(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_data()?;
 
-    let result = inner_segment_angle(&tag, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_segment_angle(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
 
@@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ pub async fn segment_angle(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "segAng",
 }]
-fn inner_segment_angle(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
+fn inner_segment_angle(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),
@@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ fn inner_segment_angle(tag: &TagIdentifier, args: Args) -> Result<f64, KclError>
 }
 
 /// Returns the angle to match the given length for x.
-pub async fn angle_to_match_length_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angle_to_match_length_x(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (tag, to, sketch_group) = args.get_tag_to_number_sketch_group()?;
-    let result = inner_angle_to_match_length_x(&tag, to, sketch_group, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_angle_to_match_length_x(&tag, to, sketch_group, exec_state, args.clone())?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
 
@@ -282,9 +282,10 @@ fn inner_angle_to_match_length_x(
     tag: &TagIdentifier,
     to: f64,
     sketch_group: SketchGroup,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),
@@ -320,9 +321,9 @@ fn inner_angle_to_match_length_x(
 }
 
 /// Returns the angle to match the given length for y.
-pub async fn angle_to_match_length_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angle_to_match_length_y(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (tag, to, sketch_group) = args.get_tag_to_number_sketch_group()?;
-    let result = inner_angle_to_match_length_y(&tag, to, sketch_group, args.clone())?;
+    let result = inner_angle_to_match_length_y(&tag, to, sketch_group, exec_state, args.clone())?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
 }
 
@@ -348,9 +349,10 @@ fn inner_angle_to_match_length_y(
     tag: &TagIdentifier,
     to: f64,
     sketch_group: SketchGroup,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
-    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(tag)?;
+    let line = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, tag)?;
     let path = line.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected a line segment with a path, found `{:?}`", line),

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/shapes.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use crate::{
     ast::types::TagDeclarator,
     errors::KclError,
-    executor::KclValue,
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue},
     std::{Args, SketchGroup, SketchSurface},
 };
 
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ pub enum SketchSurfaceOrGroup {
 }
 
 /// Sketch a circle.
-pub async fn circle(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn circle(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (center, radius, sketch_surface_or_group, tag): ([f64; 2], f64, SketchSurfaceOrGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_circle_args()?;
 
-    let sketch_group = inner_circle(center, radius, sketch_surface_or_group, tag, args).await?;
+    let sketch_group = inner_circle(center, radius, sketch_surface_or_group, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::new_user_val(sketch_group.meta.clone(), sketch_group))
 }
 
@@ -59,15 +59,21 @@ async fn inner_circle(
     radius: f64,
     sketch_surface_or_group: SketchSurfaceOrGroup,
     tag: Option<TagDeclarator>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
     let sketch_surface = match sketch_surface_or_group {
         SketchSurfaceOrGroup::SketchSurface(surface) => surface,
         SketchSurfaceOrGroup::SketchGroup(group) => group.on,
     };
-    let mut sketch_group =
+    let mut sketch_group = crate::std::sketch::inner_start_profile_at(
-        crate::std::sketch::inner_start_profile_at([center[0] + radius, center[1]], sketch_surface, None, args.clone())
+        [center[0] + radius, center[1]],
-            .await?;
+        sketch_surface,
+        None,
+        exec_state,
+        args.clone(),
+    )
+    .await?;
 
     // Call arc.
     sketch_group = crate::std::sketch::inner_arc(

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/shell.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
-    executor::{ExtrudeGroup, KclValue},
+    executor::{ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, KclValue},
     std::{sketch::FaceTag, Args},
 };
 
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ pub struct ShellData {
 }
 
 /// Create a shell.
-pub async fn shell(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn shell(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, extrude_group): (ShellData, Box<ExtrudeGroup>) = args.get_data_and_extrude_group()?;
 
-    let extrude_group = inner_shell(data, extrude_group, args).await?;
+    let extrude_group = inner_shell(data, extrude_group, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::ExtrudeGroup(extrude_group))
 }
 
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ pub async fn shell(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 async fn inner_shell(
     data: ShellData,
     extrude_group: Box<ExtrudeGroup>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<ExtrudeGroup>, KclError> {
     if data.faces.is_empty() {
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ async fn inner_shell(
 
     let mut face_ids = Vec::new();
     for tag in data.faces {
-        let extrude_plane_id = tag.get_face_id(&extrude_group, &args, false).await?;
+        let extrude_plane_id = tag.get_face_id(&extrude_group, exec_state, &args, false).await?;
 
         face_ids.push(extrude_plane_id);
     }
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ async fn inner_shell(
 
     // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
     // If we do not do these for sketch on face, things will fail with face does not exist.
-    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(extrude_group.clone().into())
+    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, extrude_group.clone().into())
         .await?;
 
     args.batch_modeling_cmd(
@@ -197,10 +198,10 @@ async fn inner_shell(
 }
 
 /// Make the inside of a 3D object hollow.
-pub async fn hollow(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn hollow(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (thickness, extrude_group): (f64, Box<ExtrudeGroup>) = args.get_data_and_extrude_group()?;
 
-    let extrude_group = inner_hollow(thickness, extrude_group, args).await?;
+    let extrude_group = inner_hollow(thickness, extrude_group, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::ExtrudeGroup(extrude_group))
 }
 
@@ -236,11 +237,12 @@ pub async fn hollow(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 async fn inner_hollow(
     thickness: f64,
     extrude_group: Box<ExtrudeGroup>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<ExtrudeGroup>, KclError> {
     // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
     // If we do not do these for sketch on face, things will fail with face does not exist.
-    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(extrude_group.clone().into())
+    args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, extrude_group.clone().into())
         .await?;
 
     args.batch_modeling_cmd(

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/sketch.rs

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ use crate::{
     ast::types::TagDeclarator,
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     executor::{
-        BasePath, ExtrudeGroup, Face, GeoMeta, KclValue, Path, Plane, PlaneType, Point2d, Point3d, SketchGroup,
+        BasePath, ExecState, ExtrudeGroup, Face, GeoMeta, KclValue, Path, Plane, PlaneType, Point2d, Point3d,
-        SketchGroupSet, SketchSurface, TagEngineInfo, TagIdentifier, UserVal,
+        SketchGroup, SketchGroupSet, SketchSurface, TagEngineInfo, TagIdentifier, UserVal,
     },
     std::{
         utils::{
@@ -50,11 +50,12 @@ impl FaceTag {
     pub async fn get_face_id(
         &self,
         extrude_group: &ExtrudeGroup,
+        exec_state: &mut ExecState,
         args: &Args,
         must_be_planar: bool,
     ) -> Result<uuid::Uuid, KclError> {
         match self {
-            FaceTag::Tag(ref t) => args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(t, must_be_planar).await,
+            FaceTag::Tag(ref t) => args.get_adjacent_face_to_tag(exec_state, t, must_be_planar).await,
             FaceTag::StartOrEnd(StartOrEnd::Start) => extrude_group.start_cap_id.ok_or_else(|| {
                 KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
                     message: "Expected a start face".to_string(),
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ pub enum StartOrEnd {
 }
 
 /// Draw a line to a point.
-pub async fn line_to(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn line_to(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (to, sketch_group, tag): ([f64; 2], SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ async fn inner_line_to(
 }
 
 /// Draw a line to a point on the x-axis.
-pub async fn x_line_to(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn x_line_to(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (to, sketch_group, tag): (f64, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ async fn inner_x_line_to(
 }
 
 /// Draw a line to a point on the y-axis.
-pub async fn y_line_to(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn y_line_to(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (to, sketch_group, tag): (f64, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ async fn inner_y_line_to(
 }
 
 /// Draw a line.
-pub async fn line(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn line(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (delta, sketch_group, tag): ([f64; 2], SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ async fn inner_line(
 }
 
 /// Draw a line on the x-axis.
-pub async fn x_line(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn x_line(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (length, sketch_group, tag): (f64, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -376,7 +377,7 @@ async fn inner_x_line(
 }
 
 /// Draw a line on the y-axis.
-pub async fn y_line(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn y_line(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (length, sketch_group, tag): (f64, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -430,7 +431,7 @@ pub enum AngledLineData {
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line.
-pub async fn angled_line(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -519,7 +520,7 @@ async fn inner_angled_line(
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line of a given x length.
-pub async fn angled_line_of_x_length(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line_of_x_length(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -587,7 +588,7 @@ pub struct AngledLineToData {
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line to a given x coordinate.
-pub async fn angled_line_to_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line_to_x(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineToData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -644,7 +645,7 @@ async fn inner_angled_line_to_x(
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line of a given y length.
-pub async fn angled_line_of_y_length(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line_of_y_length(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -704,7 +705,7 @@ async fn inner_angled_line_of_y_length(
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line to a given y coordinate.
-pub async fn angled_line_to_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line_to_y(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineToData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -775,10 +776,10 @@ pub struct AngledLineThatIntersectsData {
 }
 
 /// Draw an angled line that intersects with a given line.
-pub async fn angled_line_that_intersects(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn angled_line_that_intersects(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (AngledLineThatIntersectsData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
-    let new_sketch_group = inner_angled_line_that_intersects(data, sketch_group, tag, args).await?;
+    let new_sketch_group = inner_angled_line_that_intersects(data, sketch_group, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::new_user_val(new_sketch_group.meta.clone(), new_sketch_group))
 }
 
@@ -808,9 +809,10 @@ async fn inner_angled_line_that_intersects(
     data: AngledLineThatIntersectsData,
     sketch_group: SketchGroup,
     tag: Option<TagDeclarator>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
-    let intersect_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(&data.intersect_tag)?;
+    let intersect_path = args.get_tag_engine_info(exec_state, &data.intersect_tag)?;
     let path = intersect_path.path.clone().ok_or_else(|| {
         KclError::Type(KclErrorDetails {
             message: format!("Expected an intersect path with a path, found `{:?}`", intersect_path),
@@ -831,10 +833,10 @@ async fn inner_angled_line_that_intersects(
 }
 
 /// Start a sketch at a given point.
-pub async fn start_sketch_at(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn start_sketch_at(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let data: [f64; 2] = args.get_data()?;
 
-    let sketch_group = inner_start_sketch_at(data, args).await?;
+    let sketch_group = inner_start_sketch_at(data, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::new_user_val(sketch_group.meta.clone(), sketch_group))
 }
 
@@ -872,11 +874,15 @@ pub async fn start_sketch_at(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "startSketchAt",
 }]
-async fn inner_start_sketch_at(data: [f64; 2], args: Args) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
+async fn inner_start_sketch_at(
+    data: [f64; 2],
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    args: Args,
+) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
     // Let's assume it's the XY plane for now, this is just for backwards compatibility.
     let xy_plane = PlaneData::XY;
-    let sketch_surface = inner_start_sketch_on(SketchData::Plane(xy_plane), None, args.clone()).await?;
+    let sketch_surface = inner_start_sketch_on(SketchData::Plane(xy_plane), None, exec_state, &args).await?;
-    let sketch_group = inner_start_profile_at(data, sketch_surface, None, args).await?;
+    let sketch_group = inner_start_profile_at(data, sketch_surface, None, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(sketch_group)
 }
 
@@ -1006,10 +1012,10 @@ impl From<PlaneData> for Plane {
 }
 
 /// Start a sketch on a specific plane or face.
-pub async fn start_sketch_on(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn start_sketch_on(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, tag): (SketchData, Option<FaceTag>) = args.get_data_and_optional_tag()?;
 
-    match inner_start_sketch_on(data, tag, args).await? {
+    match inner_start_sketch_on(data, tag, exec_state, &args).await? {
         SketchSurface::Plane(plane) => Ok(KclValue::Plane(plane)),
         SketchSurface::Face(face) => Ok(KclValue::Face(face)),
     }
@@ -1119,7 +1125,12 @@ pub async fn start_sketch_on(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 #[stdlib {
     name = "startSketchOn",
 }]
-async fn inner_start_sketch_on(data: SketchData, tag: Option<FaceTag>, args: Args) -> Result<SketchSurface, KclError> {
+async fn inner_start_sketch_on(
+    data: SketchData,
+    tag: Option<FaceTag>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    args: &Args,
+) -> Result<SketchSurface, KclError> {
     match data {
         SketchData::Plane(plane_data) => {
             let plane = start_sketch_on_plane(plane_data, args).await?;
@@ -1132,7 +1143,7 @@ async fn inner_start_sketch_on(data: SketchData, tag: Option<FaceTag>, args: Arg
                     source_ranges: vec![args.source_range],
                 }));
             };
-            let face = start_sketch_on_face(extrude_group, tag, args).await?;
+            let face = start_sketch_on_face(extrude_group, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
             Ok(SketchSurface::Face(face))
         }
     }
@@ -1141,9 +1152,10 @@ async fn inner_start_sketch_on(data: SketchData, tag: Option<FaceTag>, args: Arg
 async fn start_sketch_on_face(
     extrude_group: Box<ExtrudeGroup>,
     tag: FaceTag,
-    args: Args,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
+    args: &Args,
 ) -> Result<Box<Face>, KclError> {
-    let extrude_plane_id = tag.get_face_id(&extrude_group, &args, true).await?;
+    let extrude_plane_id = tag.get_face_id(&extrude_group, exec_state, args, true).await?;
 
     Ok(Box::new(Face {
         id: extrude_plane_id,
@@ -1157,7 +1169,7 @@ async fn start_sketch_on_face(
     }))
 }
 
-async fn start_sketch_on_plane(data: PlaneData, args: Args) -> Result<Box<Plane>, KclError> {
+async fn start_sketch_on_plane(data: PlaneData, args: &Args) -> Result<Box<Plane>, KclError> {
     let mut plane: Plane = data.clone().into();
 
     // Get the default planes.
@@ -1199,11 +1211,11 @@ async fn start_sketch_on_plane(data: PlaneData, args: Args) -> Result<Box<Plane>
 }
 
 /// Start a new profile at a given point.
-pub async fn start_profile_at(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn start_profile_at(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (start, sketch_surface, tag): ([f64; 2], SketchSurface, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_surface()?;
 
-    let sketch_group = inner_start_profile_at(start, sketch_surface, tag, args).await?;
+    let sketch_group = inner_start_profile_at(start, sketch_surface, tag, exec_state, args).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::new_user_val(sketch_group.meta.clone(), sketch_group))
 }
 
@@ -1248,12 +1260,13 @@ pub(crate) async fn inner_start_profile_at(
     to: [f64; 2],
     sketch_surface: SketchSurface,
     tag: Option<TagDeclarator>,
+    exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     args: Args,
 ) -> Result<SketchGroup, KclError> {
     if let SketchSurface::Face(face) = &sketch_surface {
         // Flush the batch for our fillets/chamfers if there are any.
         // If we do not do these for sketch on face, things will fail with face does not exist.
-        args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(face.extrude_group.clone().into())
+        args.flush_batch_for_extrude_group_set(exec_state, face.extrude_group.clone().into())
             .await?;
     }
 
@@ -1328,7 +1341,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn inner_start_profile_at(
 }
 
 /// Returns the X component of the sketch profile start point.
-pub async fn profile_start_x(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn profile_start_x(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let sketch_group: SketchGroup = args.get_sketch_group()?;
     let x = inner_profile_start_x(sketch_group)?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(x)
@@ -1352,7 +1365,7 @@ pub(crate) fn inner_profile_start_x(sketch_group: SketchGroup) -> Result<f64, Kc
 }
 
 /// Returns the Y component of the sketch profile start point.
-pub async fn profile_start_y(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn profile_start_y(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let sketch_group: SketchGroup = args.get_sketch_group()?;
     let x = inner_profile_start_y(sketch_group)?;
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(x)
@@ -1375,7 +1388,7 @@ pub(crate) fn inner_profile_start_y(sketch_group: SketchGroup) -> Result<f64, Kc
 }
 
 /// Returns the sketch profile start point.
-pub async fn profile_start(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn profile_start(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let sketch_group: SketchGroup = args.get_sketch_group()?;
     let point = inner_profile_start(sketch_group)?;
     Ok(KclValue::UserVal(UserVal {
@@ -1409,7 +1422,7 @@ pub(crate) fn inner_profile_start(sketch_group: SketchGroup) -> Result<[f64; 2],
 }
 
 /// Close the current sketch.
-pub async fn close(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn close(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (sketch_group, tag): (SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) = args.get_sketch_group_and_optional_tag()?;
 
     let new_sketch_group = inner_close(sketch_group, tag, args).await?;
@@ -1516,7 +1529,7 @@ pub enum ArcData {
 }
 
 /// Draw an arc.
-pub async fn arc(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn arc(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (ArcData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -1637,7 +1650,7 @@ pub enum TangentialArcData {
 }
 
 /// Draw a tangential arc.
-pub async fn tangential_arc(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn tangential_arc(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (TangentialArcData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -1767,7 +1780,7 @@ fn tan_arc_to(sketch_group: &SketchGroup, to: &[f64; 2]) -> ModelingCmd {
 }
 
 /// Draw a tangential arc to a specific point.
-pub async fn tangential_arc_to(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn tangential_arc_to(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (to, sketch_group, tag): ([f64; 2], SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         super::args::FromArgs::from_args(&args, 0)?;
 
@@ -1776,7 +1789,7 @@ pub async fn tangential_arc_to(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Draw a tangential arc to point some distance away..
-pub async fn tangential_arc_to_relative(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn tangential_arc_to_relative(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (delta, sketch_group, tag): ([f64; 2], SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         super::args::FromArgs::from_args(&args, 0)?;
 
@@ -1951,7 +1964,7 @@ pub struct BezierData {
 }
 
 /// Draw a bezier curve.
-pub async fn bezier_curve(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn bezier_curve(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (data, sketch_group, tag): (BezierData, SketchGroup, Option<TagDeclarator>) =
         args.get_data_and_sketch_group_and_tag()?;
 
@@ -2043,7 +2056,7 @@ async fn inner_bezier_curve(
 }
 
 /// Use a sketch to cut a hole in another sketch.
-pub async fn hole(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn hole(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let (hole_sketch_group, sketch_group): (SketchGroupSet, SketchGroup) = args.get_sketch_groups()?;
 
     let new_sketch_group = inner_hole(hole_sketch_group, sketch_group, args).await?;

src/wasm-lib/kcl/src/std/units.rs

@@ -4,10 +4,15 @@ use anyhow::Result;
 use derive_docs::stdlib;
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
 
-use crate::{errors::KclError, executor::KclValue, settings::types::UnitLength, std::Args};
+use crate::{
+    errors::KclError,
+    executor::{ExecState, KclValue},
+    settings::types::UnitLength,
+    std::Args,
+};
 
 /// Millimeters conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn mm(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn mm(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_mm(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -48,7 +53,7 @@ fn inner_mm(args: &Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Inches conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn inch(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn inch(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_inch(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@ fn inner_inch(args: &Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Feet conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn ft(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn ft(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_ft(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -131,7 +136,7 @@ fn inner_ft(args: &Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Meters conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn m(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn m(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_m(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -173,7 +178,7 @@ fn inner_m(args: &Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Centimeters conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn cm(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn cm(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_cm(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)
@@ -215,7 +220,7 @@ fn inner_cm(args: &Args) -> Result<f64, KclError> {
 }
 
 /// Yards conversion factor for current projects units.
-pub async fn yd(args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+pub async fn yd(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let result = inner_yd(&args)?;
 
     args.make_user_val_from_f64(result)

src/wasm-lib/src/wasm.rs

@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ pub async fn execute_wasm(
         is_mock,
     };
 
-    let memory = ctx.run(&program, Some(memory)).await.map_err(String::from)?;
+    let exec_state = ctx.run(&program, Some(memory)).await.map_err(String::from)?;
 
     // The serde-wasm-bindgen does not work here because of weird HashMap issues so we use the
     // gloo-serialize crate instead.
     // DO NOT USE serde_wasm_bindgen::to_value(&memory).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
     // it will break the frontend.
-    JsValue::from_serde(&memory).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+    JsValue::from_serde(&exec_state.memory).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
 }
 
 // wasm_bindgen wrapper for execute

src/wasm-lib/tests/executor/inputs/no_visuals/pipe_substitution_inside_function_called_from_pipeline.kcl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Make sure pipe value doesn't leak into the function call.
+fn f = (ignored) => {
+  return %
+}
+
+const answer = %
+  |> f(%)

src/wasm-lib/tests/executor/no_visuals.rs

@@ -85,5 +85,9 @@ gen_test_fail!(
     object_prop_not_found,
     "undefined value: Property 'age' not found in object"
 );
+gen_test_fail!(
+    pipe_substitution_inside_function_called_from_pipeline,
+    "semantic: cannot use % outside a pipe expression"
+);
 gen_test!(sketch_group_in_object);
 gen_test!(add_lots);

src/wasm-lib/tests/modify/main.rs

@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ async fn setup(code: &str, name: &str) -> Result<(ExecutorContext, Program, uuid
     let parser = kcl_lib::parser::Parser::new(tokens);
     let program = parser.ast()?;
     let ctx = kcl_lib::executor::ExecutorContext::new(&client, Default::default()).await?;
-    let memory = ctx.run(&program, None).await?;
+    let exec_state = ctx.run(&program, None).await?;
 
     // We need to get the sketch ID.
     // Get the sketch group ID from memory.
-    let KclValue::UserVal(user_val) = memory.get(name, SourceRange::default()).unwrap() else {
+    let KclValue::UserVal(user_val) = exec_state.memory.get(name, SourceRange::default()).unwrap() else {
-        anyhow::bail!("part001 not found in memory: {:?}", memory);
+        anyhow::bail!("part001 not found in memory: {:?}", exec_state.memory);
     };
     let Some((sketch_group, _meta)) = user_val.get::<SketchGroup>() else {
         anyhow::bail!("part001 was not a SketchGroup");