Merge branch 'main' into marijnh/signature-tooltip

* Move the leg functions to KCL

Signed-off-by: Nick Cameron <nrc@ncameron.org>

* Move array functions to KCL

Signed-off-by: Nick Cameron <nrc@ncameron.org>

* Move clone to KCL

Signed-off-by: Nick Cameron <nrc@ncameron.org>

* Add a function type

Signed-off-by: Nick Cameron <nrc@ncameron.org>

---------

Signed-off-by: Nick Cameron <nrc@ncameron.org>

.github/ci-cd-scripts/upload-results.sh

@@ -1,13 +1,41 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
-BRANCH="${GITHUB_HEAD_REF:-${GITHUB_REF_NAME:-}}"
-COMMIT="${CI_COMMIT_SHA:-${GITHUB_SHA:-}}"
+if [ -z "${TAB_API_URL:-}" ] || [ -z "${TAB_API_KEY:-}" ]; then
+    exit 0
+fi
 
-curl --request POST \
+project="https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app"
+branch="${GITHUB_HEAD_REF:-${GITHUB_REF_NAME:-}}"
+commit="${CI_COMMIT_SHA:-${GITHUB_SHA:-}}"
+
+echo "Uploading batch results"
+curl --silent --request POST \
   --header "X-API-Key: ${TAB_API_KEY}" \
-  --form "project=https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app" \
-  --form "branch=${BRANCH}" \
-  --form "commit=${COMMIT}" \
+  --form "project=${project}" \
+  --form "branch=${branch}" \
+  --form "commit=${commit}" \
   --form "tests=@test-results/junit.xml" \
+  --form "CI_COMMIT_SHA=${CI_COMMIT_SHA:-}" \
+  --form "CI_PR_NUMBER=${CI_PR_NUMBER:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_BASE_REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_EVENT_NAME=${GITHUB_EVENT_NAME:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_HEAD_REF=${GITHUB_HEAD_REF:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_REF_NAME=${GITHUB_REF_NAME:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_REF=${GITHUB_REF:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_SHA=${GITHUB_SHA:-}" \
+  --form "GITHUB_WORKFLOW=${GITHUB_WORKFLOW:-}" \
+  --form "RUNNER_ARCH=${RUNNER_ARCH:-}" \
   ${TAB_API_URL}/api/results/bulk
+
+echo
+echo "Sharing updated report"
+curl --silent --request POST \
+  --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  --header "X-API-Key: ${TAB_API_KEY}" \
+  --data "{
+    \"project\": \"${project}\",
+    \"branch\": \"${branch}\",
+    \"commit\": \"${commit}\"
+  }" \
+  ${TAB_API_URL}/api/share

.github/workflows/build-apps.yml

@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@ on:
       - main
     tags:
       - 'v[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+'
-      - 'nightly-v[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+'
 
 env:
   IS_RELEASE: ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && startsWith(github.ref_name, 'v') }}
-  IS_NIGHTLY: ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && startsWith(github.ref_name, 'nightly-v') }}
+  IS_NIGHTLY: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
@@ -95,7 +94,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set nightly version, product name, release notes, and icons
         if: ${{ env.IS_NIGHTLY == 'true' }}
         run: |
-          export VERSION=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#nightly-v}
+          COMMIT=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+          DATE=$(date +'%-y.%-m.%-d')
+          export VERSION=$DATE-main.$COMMIT
           npm run files:set-version
           npm run files:flip-to-nightly
 
@@ -306,7 +307,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     permissions:
       contents: write
-    if: ${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' }}
+    # Equivalent to IS_RELEASE || IS_NIGHTLY (but we can't access those env vars here)
+    if: ${{ (github.ref_type == 'tag' && startsWith(github.ref_name, 'v')) || (github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main') }}
     env:
       VERSION_NO_V: ${{ needs.prepare-files.outputs.version }}
       VERSION: ${{ format('v{0}', needs.prepare-files.outputs.version) }}
@@ -412,17 +414,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: List artifacts
         run: "ls -R out"
 
-      - name: Set more complete nightly release notes
-        if: ${{ env.IS_NIGHTLY == 'true' }}
-        run: |
-          # Note: preferred going this way instead of a full clone in the checkout step,
-          # see https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/1471
-          git fetch --prune --unshallow --tags
-          export TAG="nightly-${VERSION}"
-          export PREVIOUS_TAG=$(git tag --list --sort=-committerdate "nightly-v[0-9]*" | head -n2 | tail -n1)
-          export NOTES=$(./scripts/get-nightly-changelog.sh)
-          npm run files:set-notes
-
       - name: Authenticate to Google Cloud
         if: ${{ env.IS_NIGHTLY == 'true' }}
         uses: 'google-github-actions/auth@v2.1.8'

.github/workflows/cargo-test.yml

@@ -188,6 +188,8 @@ jobs:
         env:
           TAB_API_URL: ${{ secrets.TAB_API_URL }}
           TAB_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.TAB_API_KEY }}
+          CI_COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+          CI_PR_NUMBER: ${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
   run-wasm-tests:
     name: Run wasm tests
     strategy:

.github/workflows/check-exampleKcl.yml

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-name: Check Onboarding KCL
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize]
-    paths:
-      - 'src/lib/exampleKcl.ts'
-      - 'public/kcl-samples/bracket/main.kcl'
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-  issues: write
-  pull-requests: write
-
-jobs:
-  comment:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Comment on PR
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
-        with:
-          script: |
-            const message = '`public/kcl-samples/bracket/main.kcl` or `src/lib/exampleKcl.ts` has been updated in this PR, please review and update the `src/routes/onboarding`, if needed.';
-            const issue_number = context.payload.pull_request.number;
-            const owner = context.repo.owner;
-            const repo = context.repo.repo;
-
-            const { data: comments } = await github.rest.issues.listComments({
-              owner,
-              repo,
-              issue_number
-            });
-
-            const commentExists = comments.some(comment => comment.body === message);
-
-            if (!commentExists) {
-              // Post a comment on the PR
-              await github.rest.issues.createComment({
-                owner,
-                repo,
-                issue_number,
-                body: message,
-              });
-            }

.github/workflows/e2e-tests.yml

@@ -18,73 +18,13 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
 
-  conditions:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      significant: ${{ steps.path-changes.outputs.significant }}
-      should-run: ${{ steps.should-run.outputs.should-run }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Fetch the base branch
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-        run: git fetch origin ${{ github.base_ref }} --depth=1
-
-      - name: Check for path changes
-        id: path-changes
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          # Manual runs or push should run all tests.
-          if [[ ${{ github.event_name }} != 'pull_request' ]]; then
-            echo "significant=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-            exit 0
-          fi
-
-          changed_files=$(git diff --name-only origin/${{ github.base_ref }})
-          echo "$changed_files"
-          if grep -Evq '^README.md|^public/kcl-samples/|^rust/kcl-lib/tests/kcl_samples/' <<< "$changed_files" ; then
-            echo "significant=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            echo "significant=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-
-      - name: Should run
-        id: should-run
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          # We should run when this is a scheduled run or if there are
-          # significant changes in the diff.
-          if [[ ${{ github.event_name }} == 'schedule' || ${{ steps.path-changes.outputs.significant }} == 'true' ]]; then
-            echo "should-run=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          else
-            echo "should-run=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-
-      - name: Display conditions
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          # For debugging purposes
-          set -euo pipefail
-          echo "GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF"
-          echo "GITHUB_HEAD_REF: $GITHUB_HEAD_REF"
-          echo "GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF"
-          echo "significant: ${{ steps.path-changes.outputs.significant }}"
-          echo "should-run: ${{ steps.should-run.outputs.should-run }}"
-
   prepare-wasm:
     # separate job on Ubuntu to build or fetch the wasm blob once on the fastest runner
     runs-on: runs-on=${{ github.run_id }}/family=i7ie.2xlarge/image=ubuntu22-full-x64
-    needs: conditions
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
 
       - id: filter
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         name: Check for Rust changes
         uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
         with:
@@ -93,18 +33,16 @@ jobs:
               - 'rust/**'
 
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         with:
           node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
           cache: 'npm'
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm install
 
       - name: Download Wasm Cache
         id: download-wasm
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && github.event_name != 'schedule' && steps.filter.outputs.rust == 'false' }}
+        if: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' && steps.filter.outputs.rust == 'false' }}
         uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v7
         continue-on-error: true
         with:
@@ -116,7 +54,6 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Build WASM condition
         id: wasm
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: |
           set -euox pipefail
           # Build wasm if this is a scheduled run, there are Rust changes, or
@@ -128,35 +65,34 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Use correct Rust toolchain
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
         shell: bash
         run: |
           [ -e rust-toolchain.toml ] || cp rust/rust-toolchain.toml ./
 
       - name: Install rust
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
         uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
         with:
           cache: false # Configured below.
 
       - uses: taiki-e/install-action@d4635f2de61c8b8104d59cd4aede2060638378cc
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
         with:
           tool: wasm-pack
 
       - name: Rust Cache
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
         uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           workspaces: './rust'
 
       - name: Build Wasm
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.wasm.outputs.should-build-wasm == 'true' }}
         shell: bash
         run: npm run build:wasm
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         with:
           name: prepared-wasm
           path: |
@@ -165,10 +101,9 @@ jobs:
   snapshots:
     name: playwright:snapshots:ubuntu
     runs-on: runs-on=${{ github.run_id }}/family=i7ie.2xlarge/image=ubuntu22-full-x64
-    needs: [conditions, prepare-wasm]
+    needs: [prepare-wasm]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         id: app-token
         with:
           app-id: ${{ secrets.MODELING_APP_GH_APP_ID }}
@@ -176,16 +111,13 @@ jobs:
           owner: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         with:
           token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         name: prepared-wasm
 
       - name: Copy prepared wasm
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: |
           ls -R prepared-wasm
           cp prepared-wasm/kcl_wasm_lib_bg.wasm public
@@ -193,18 +125,15 @@ jobs:
           cp prepared-wasm/kcl_wasm_lib* rust/kcl-wasm-lib/pkg
 
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         with:
           node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
           cache: 'npm'
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         id: deps-install
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm install
 
       - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: |
@@ -212,15 +141,12 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}
 
       - name: Install Playwright Browsers
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm run playwright install --with-deps
 
       - name: build web
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm run tronb:vite:dev
 
       - name: Run ubuntu/chrome snapshots
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         uses: nick-fields/retry@v3.0.2
         with:
           shell: bash
@@ -236,7 +162,7 @@ jobs:
           TARGET: web
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && !cancelled() && (success() || failure()) }}
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && (success() || failure()) }}
         with:
           name: playwright-report-ubuntu-snapshot-${{ github.sha }}
           path: playwright-report/
@@ -245,7 +171,7 @@ jobs:
           overwrite: true
 
       - name: Check for changes
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        if: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' }}
         shell: bash
         id: git-check
         run: |
@@ -257,7 +183,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Commit changes, if any
         # TODO: find a more reliable way to detect visual changes
-        if: ${{ false && needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && steps.git-check.outputs.modified == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ false && steps.git-check.outputs.modified == 'true' }}
         shell: bash
         run: |
           git add e2e/playwright/snapshot-tests.spec.ts-snapshots e2e/playwright/snapshots
@@ -272,7 +198,7 @@ jobs:
           git push origin ${{ github.head_ref }}
 
   electron:
-    needs: [conditions, prepare-wasm]
+    needs: [prepare-wasm]
     timeout-minutes: 60
     env:
       OS_NAME: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') && 'ubuntu' || (contains(matrix.os, 'windows') && 'windows' || 'macos') }}
@@ -315,14 +241,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         name: prepared-wasm
 
       - name: Copy prepared wasm
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: |
           ls -R prepared-wasm
           cp prepared-wasm/kcl_wasm_lib_bg.wasm public
@@ -330,18 +253,15 @@ jobs:
           cp prepared-wasm/kcl_wasm_lib* rust/kcl-wasm-lib/pkg
 
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         with:
           node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
           cache: 'npm'
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         id: deps-install
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm install
 
       - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: |
@@ -349,22 +269,20 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}
 
       - name: Install Playwright Browsers
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm run playwright install --with-deps
 
       - name: Build web
-        if: needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true'
         run: npm run tronb:vite:dev
 
       - name: Start Vector
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && !contains(matrix.os, 'windows') }}
+        if: ${{ !contains(matrix.os, 'windows') }}
         run: .github/ci-cd-scripts/start-vector-${{ env.OS_NAME }}.sh
         env:
           GH_ACTIONS_AXIOM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_ACTIONS_AXIOM_TOKEN }}
           OS_NAME: ${{ env.OS_NAME }}
 
       - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && !cancelled() && (success() || failure()) }}
+        if: ${{ !cancelled() && (success() || failure()) }}
         continue-on-error: true
         with:
           name: test-results-${{ env.OS_NAME }}-${{ matrix.shardIndex }}-${{ github.sha }}
@@ -372,7 +290,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run playwright/electron flow (with retries)
         id: retry
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && !cancelled() && steps.deps-install.outcome == 'success' }}
+        if:  ${{ !cancelled() && steps.deps-install.outcome == 'success' }}
         uses: nick-fields/retry@v3.0.2
         with:
           shell: bash
@@ -389,7 +307,7 @@ jobs:
           TARGET: desktop
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && always() }}
+        if: always()
         with:
           name: test-results-${{ env.OS_NAME }}-${{ matrix.shardIndex }}-${{ github.sha }}
           path: test-results/
@@ -398,7 +316,7 @@ jobs:
           overwrite: true
 
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: ${{ needs.conditions.outputs.should-run == 'true' && always() }}
+        if: always()
         with:
           name: playwright-report-${{ env.OS_NAME }}-${{ matrix.shardIndex }}-${{ github.sha }}
           path: playwright-report/

.github/workflows/tag-nightly.yml

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-name: tag-nightly
-
-permissions:
-  contents: write
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 4 * * *'
-  # Daily at 04:00 AM UTC
-  # Will checkout the last commit from the default branch (main as of 2023-10-04)
-  
-jobs:
-  tag-nightly:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v1
-        id: app-token
-        with:
-          app-id: ${{ secrets.MODELING_APP_GH_APP_ID }}
-          private-key: ${{ secrets.MODELING_APP_GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-          owner: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
-
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-
-      - run: npm install
-
-      - name: Push tag
-        run: |
-          VERSION_NO_V=$(date +'%-y.%-m.%-d')
-          TAG="nightly-v$VERSION_NO_V"
-          git config --local user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
-          git config --local user.name "github-actions[bot]"
-          git tag $TAG
-          git push origin tag $TAG

Makefile

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ endif
 install: node_modules/.package-lock.json $(CARGO) $(WASM_PACK) ## Install dependencies
 
 node_modules/.package-lock.json: package.json package-lock.json
+	npm prune
 	npm install
 
 $(CARGO):
@@ -43,15 +44,15 @@ endif
 # BUILD
 
 CARGO_SOURCES := rust/.cargo/config.toml $(wildcard rust/Cargo.*) $(wildcard rust/**/Cargo.*)
+KCL_SOURCES := $(wildcard public/kcl-samples/**/*.kcl)
 RUST_SOURCES := $(wildcard rust/**/*.rs)
 
 REACT_SOURCES := $(wildcard src/*.tsx) $(wildcard src/**/*.tsx)
 TYPESCRIPT_SOURCES := tsconfig.* $(wildcard src/*.ts) $(wildcard src/**/*.ts)
 VITE_SOURCES := $(wildcard vite.*) $(wildcard vite/**/*.tsx)
 
-
 .PHONY: build
-build: install public/kcl_wasm_lib_bg.wasm .vite/build/main.js
+build: install public/kcl_wasm_lib_bg.wasm public/kcl-samples/manifest.json .vite/build/main.js
 
 public/kcl_wasm_lib_bg.wasm: $(CARGO_SOURCES) $(RUST_SOURCES)
 ifdef WINDOWS
@@ -60,6 +61,9 @@ else
 	npm run build:wasm:dev
 endif
 
+public/kcl-samples/manifest.json: $(KCL_SOURCES)
+	cd rust/kcl-lib && EXPECTORATE=overwrite cargo test generate_manifest
+
 .vite/build/main.js: $(REACT_SOURCES) $(TYPESCRIPT_SOURCES) $(VITE_SOURCES)
 	npm run tronb:vite:dev
 
@@ -107,8 +111,10 @@ test: test-unit test-e2e
 .PHONY: test-unit
 test-unit: install ## Run the unit tests
 	npm run test:rust
+	npm run test:unit:components
 	@ curl -fs localhost:3000 >/dev/null || ( echo "Error: localhost:3000 not available, 'make run-web' first" && exit 1 )
 	npm run test:unit
+	npm run test:unit:kcl-samples
 
 .PHONY: test-e2e
 test-e2e: test-e2e-$(TARGET)

docs/kcl-lang/foreign-imports.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+---
+title: "Importing geometry from other CAD systems"
+excerpt: "Documentation of the KCL language for the Zoo Design Studio."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+`import` can also be used to import files from other CAD systems. The format of the statement is the
+same as for KCL files. You can only import the whole file, not items from it. E.g.,
+
+```norun
+import "tests/inputs/cube.obj"
+
+// Use `cube` just like a KCL object.
+```
+
+```kcl
+import "tests/inputs/cube.sldprt" as cube
+
+// Use `cube` just like a KCL object.
+```
+
+For formats lacking unit data (such as STL, OBJ, or PLY files), the default
+unit of measurement is millimeters. Alternatively you may specify the unit
+by using an attribute. Likewise, you can also specify a coordinate system. E.g.,
+
+```kcl
+@(lengthUnit = ft, coords = opengl)
+import "tests/inputs/cube.obj"
+```
+
+When importing a GLTF file, the bin file will be imported as well.
+
+Import paths are relative to the current project directory. Imports currently only work when
+using the native Design Studio, not in the browser.
+
+### Supported values
+
+File formats: `fbx`, `gltf`/`glb`, `obj`+, `ply`+, `sldprt`, `step`/`stp`, `stl`+. (Those marked with a
+'+' support customising the length unit and coordinate system).
+
+Length units: `mm` (the default), `cm`, `m`, `inch`, `ft`, `yd`.
+
+Coordinate systems:
+
+- `zoo` (the default), forward: -Y, up: +Z, handedness: right
+- `opengl`, forward: +Z, up: +Y, handedness: right
+- `vulkan`, forward: +Z, up: -Y, handedness: left
+
+---
+
+## Performance deep‑dive for foreign‑file imports
+
+Parallelized foreign‑file imports now let you overlap file reads, initialization,
+and rendering. To maximize throughput, you need to understand the three distinct
+stages—reading, initializing (background render start), and invocation (blocking)
+—and structure your code to defer blocking operations until the end.
+
+### Foreign import execution stages
+
+1. **Import (Read / Initialization) Stage**
+   ```kcl
+   import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube
+   ```
+   - Reads the file from disk and makes its API available.
+   - Starts engine rendering but **does not block** your script.
+   - This kick‑starts the render pipeline while you keep executing other code.
+
+2. **Invocation (Blocking) Stage**
+   ```kcl
+   import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube
+
+   cube
+     |> translate(z=10) // ← blocks here only
+   ```
+   - Any method call (e.g., `translate`, `scale`, `rotate`) waits for the background render to finish before applying transformations.
+
+### Best practices
+
+#### 1. Defer blocking calls
+
+```kcl
+import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube     // 1) Read / Background render starts
+
+
+// --- perform other operations and calculations here ---
+
+
+cube
+  |> translate(z=10)                        // 2) Blocks only here
+```
+
+#### 2. Split heavy work into separate modules
+
+Place computationally expensive or IO‑heavy work into its own module so it can render in parallel while `main.kcl` continues.
+
+#### Future improvements
+
+Upcoming releases will auto‑analyse dependencies and only block when truly necessary. Until then, explicit deferral will give you the best performance.
+

docs/kcl-lang/index.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ layout: manual
 ---
 
 This is a reference for KCL. If you are learning KCL, you may prefer the [guide]() which explains
-things in a more tutorial fashion.
+things in a more tutorial fashion. See also our documentation of the [standard library](/docs/kcl-std).
 
 ## Topics
 
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ things in a more tutorial fashion.
 * [Values and types](/docs/kcl-lang/types)
 * [Numeric types and units](/docs/kcl-lang/numeric)
 * [Functions](/docs/kcl-lang/functions)
-* [Projects, modules, and imports](/docs/kcl-lang/modules)
+* [Projects and modules](/docs/kcl-lang/modules)
 * [Attributes](/docs/kcl-lang/attributes)
+* [Importing geometry from other CAD systems](/docs/kcl-lang/foreign-imports)
 * [Settings](/docs/kcl-lang/settings)
 * [Known Issues](/docs/kcl-lang/known-issues)

docs/kcl-lang/modules.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-title: "Modules"
+title: "Projects and modules"
 excerpt: "Documentation of the KCL language for the Zoo Design Studio."
 layout: manual
 ---
@@ -264,102 +264,3 @@ cube
 clone(cube)
   |> translate(x=20)
 ```
-
----
-
-## Importing files from other CAD systems
-
-`import` can also be used to import files from other CAD systems. The format of the statement is the
-same as for KCL files. You can only import the whole file, not items from it. E.g.,
-
-```norun
-import "tests/inputs/cube.obj"
-
-// Use `cube` just like a KCL object.
-```
-
-```kcl
-import "tests/inputs/cube.sldprt" as cube
-
-// Use `cube` just like a KCL object.
-```
-
-For formats lacking unit data (such as STL, OBJ, or PLY files), the default
-unit of measurement is millimeters. Alternatively you may specify the unit
-by using an attribute. Likewise, you can also specify a coordinate system. E.g.,
-
-```kcl
-@(lengthUnit = ft, coords = opengl)
-import "tests/inputs/cube.obj"
-```
-
-When importing a GLTF file, the bin file will be imported as well.
-
-Import paths are relative to the current project directory. Imports currently only work when
-using the native Design Studio, not in the browser.
-
-### Supported values
-
-File formats: `fbx`, `gltf`/`glb`, `obj`+, `ply`+, `sldprt`, `step`/`stp`, `stl`+. (Those marked with a
-'+' support customising the length unit and coordinate system).
-
-Length units: `mm` (the default), `cm`, `m`, `inch`, `ft`, `yd`.
-
-Coordinate systems:
-
-- `zoo` (the default), forward: -Y, up: +Z, handedness: right
-- `opengl`, forward: +Z, up: +Y, handedness: right
-- `vulkan`, forward: +Z, up: -Y, handedness: left
-
----
-
-## Performance deep‑dive for foreign‑file imports
-
-Parallelized foreign‑file imports now let you overlap file reads, initialization,
-and rendering. To maximize throughput, you need to understand the three distinct
-stages—reading, initializing (background render start), and invocation (blocking)
-—and structure your code to defer blocking operations until the end.
-
-### Foreign import execution stages
-
-1. **Import (Read / Initialization) Stage**
-   ```kcl
-   import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube
-   ```
-   - Reads the file from disk and makes its API available.
-   - Starts engine rendering but **does not block** your script.
-   - This kick‑starts the render pipeline while you keep executing other code.
-
-2. **Invocation (Blocking) Stage**
-   ```kcl
-   import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube
-
-   cube
-     |> translate(z=10) // ← blocks here only
-   ```
-   - Any method call (e.g., `translate`, `scale`, `rotate`) waits for the background render to finish before applying transformations.
-
-### Best practices
-
-#### 1. Defer blocking calls
-
-```kcl
-import "tests/inputs/cube.step" as cube     // 1) Read / Background render starts
-
-
-// --- perform other operations and calculations here ---
-
-
-cube
-  |> translate(z=10)                        // 2) Blocks only here
-```
-
-#### 2. Split heavy work into separate modules
-
-Place computationally expensive or IO‑heavy work into its own module so it can render in parallel while `main.kcl` continues.
-
-#### Future improvements
-
-Upcoming releases will auto‑analyse dependencies and only block when truly necessary. Until then, explicit deferral will give you the best performance.
-
-

docs/kcl-lang/numeric.md

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ Any of the suffixes described above can be used meaning that values with that ty
 
 You can also use `number(Length)`, `number(Angle)`, or `number(Count)`. These types mean a number with any length, angle, or unitless (count) units, respectively (note that `number(_)` and `number(Count)` are equivalent since there is only one kind of unitless-ness).
 
+Using just `number` means accepting any kind of number, even where the units are unknown by KCL.
+
 
 ## Function calls
 

docs/kcl-std/appearance.md

@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ This will work on any solid, including extruded solids, revolved solids, and she
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `solids` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) | The solid(s) whose appearance is being set | Yes |
+| `solids` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) | The solid(s) whose appearance is being set | Yes |
 | `color` | [`string`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-string) | Color of the new material, a hex string like '#ff0000' | Yes |
 | `metalness` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | Metalness of the new material, a percentage like 95.7. | No |
 | `roughness` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | Roughness of the new material, a percentage like 95.7. | No |
 
 ### Returns
 
-[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid or an imported geometry.
+[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid or an imported geometry.
 
 
 ### Examples

docs/kcl-std/consts/std-math-PI.md

@@ -11,7 +11,13 @@ The value of `pi`, Archimedes’ constant (π).
 PI: number(_?) = 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288_?
 ```
 
-
+`PI` is a number and is technically a ratio, so you might expect it to have type `number(_)`.
+However, `PI` is nearly always used for converting between different units - usually degrees to or
+from radians. Therefore, `PI` is treated a bit specially by KCL and always has unknown units. This
+means that if you use `PI`, you will need to give KCL some extra information about the units of numbers.
+Usually you should use type ascription on the result of calculations, e.g., `(2 * PI): number(rad)`.
+You might prefer to use `units::toRadians` or `units::toDegrees` to convert between angles with
+different units.
 
 ### Examples
 

docs/kcl-std/extrude.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ You can provide more than one sketch to extrude, and they will all be extruded i
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
 | `sketches` | [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) | Which sketch or sketches should be extruded | Yes |
 | `length` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | How far to extrude the given sketches | Yes |
-| `symmetric` | [`bool`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-bool) | If true, the extrusion will happen symmetrically around the sketch. Otherwise, the | No |
+| `symmetric` | [`bool`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-bool) | If true, the extrusion will happen symmetrically around the sketch. Otherwise, the extrusion will happen on only one side of the sketch. | No |
 | `bidirectionalLength` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | If specified, will also extrude in the opposite direction to 'distance' to the specified distance. If 'symmetric' is true, this value is ignored. | No |
 | `tagStart` | [`TagDeclarator`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#TagDeclarator) | A named tag for the face at the start of the extrusion, i.e. the original sketch | No |
 | `tagEnd` | [`TagDeclarator`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#TagDeclarator) | A named tag for the face at the end of the extrusion, i.e. the new face created by extruding the original sketch | No |

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngX.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: "legAngX"
+subtitle: "Function in std::math"
+excerpt: "Compute the angle of the given leg for x."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
+
+```kcl
+legAngX(
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg)
+```
+
+
+
+### Arguments
+
+| Name | Type | Description | Required |
+|----------|------|-------------|----------|
+| `hypotenuse` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse. | Yes |
+| `leg` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side). | Yes |
+
+### Returns
+
+[`number(deg)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
+
+
+### Examples
+
+```kcl
+legAngX(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+```
+
+
+

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: "legAngY"
+subtitle: "Function in std::math"
+excerpt: "Compute the angle of the given leg for y."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
+
+```kcl
+legAngY(
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg)
+```
+
+
+
+### Arguments
+
+| Name | Type | Description | Required |
+|----------|------|-------------|----------|
+| `hypotenuse` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse. | Yes |
+| `leg` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side). | Yes |
+
+### Returns
+
+[`number(deg)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
+
+
+### Examples
+
+```kcl
+legAngY(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+```
+
+
+

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legLen.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: "legLen"
+subtitle: "Function in std::math"
+excerpt: "Compute the length of the given leg."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+Compute the length of the given leg.
+
+```kcl
+legLen(
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg)
+```
+
+
+
+### Arguments
+
+| Name | Type | Description | Required |
+|----------|------|-------------|----------|
+| `hypotenuse` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse. | Yes |
+| `leg` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side). | Yes |
+
+### Returns
+
+[`number(deg)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
+
+
+### Examples
+
+```kcl
+legLen(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+```
+
+
+

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toCentimeters.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Convert a number to centimeters from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toCentimeters(@num: number(cm)): number(cm)
+units::toCentimeters(@num: number(Length)): number(cm)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toCentimeters(@num: number(cm)): number(cm)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(cm)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toDegrees.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Converts a number to degrees from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toDegrees(@num: number(deg)): number(deg)
+units::toDegrees(@num: number(Angle)): number(deg)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toDegrees(@num: number(deg)): number(deg)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(deg)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Angle)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toFeet.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Convert a number to feet from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toFeet(@num: number(ft)): number(ft)
+units::toFeet(@num: number(Length)): number(ft)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toFeet(@num: number(ft)): number(ft)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(ft)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toInches.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Convert a number to inches from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toInches(@num: number(in)): number(in)
+units::toInches(@num: number(Length)): number(in)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toInches(@num: number(in)): number(in)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(in)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toMeters.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Convert a number to meters from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toMeters(@num: number(m)): number(m)
+units::toMeters(@num: number(Length)): number(m)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toMeters(@num: number(m)): number(m)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(m)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toMillimeters.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Convert a number to millimeters from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toMillimeters(@num: number(mm)): number(mm)
+units::toMillimeters(@num: number(Length)): number(mm)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toMillimeters(@num: number(mm)): number(mm)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(mm)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toRadians.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Converts a number to radians from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toRadians(@num: number(rad)): number(rad)
+units::toRadians(@num: number(Angle)): number(rad)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toRadians(@num: number(rad)): number(rad)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(rad)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Angle)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/functions/std-units-toYards.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ layout: manual
 Converts a number to yards from its current units.
 
 ```kcl
-units::toYards(@num: number(yd)): number(yd)
+units::toYards(@num: number(Length)): number(yd)
 ```
 
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ units::toYards(@num: number(yd)): number(yd)
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `num` | [`number(yd)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
+| `num` | [`number(Length)`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | A number. | Yes |
 
 ### Returns
 

docs/kcl-std/index.md

@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ layout: manual
   * [`appearance`](/docs/kcl-std/appearance)
   * [`assert`](/docs/kcl-std/assert)
   * [`assertIs`](/docs/kcl-std/assertIs)
-  * [`clone`](/docs/kcl-std/clone)
+  * [`clone`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-clone)
   * [`helix`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-helix)
   * [`offsetPlane`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-offsetPlane)
   * [`patternLinear2d`](/docs/kcl-std/patternLinear2d)
 * [**std::array**](/docs/kcl-std/modules/std-array)
-  * [`map`](/docs/kcl-std/map)
-  * [`pop`](/docs/kcl-std/pop)
-  * [`push`](/docs/kcl-std/push)
-  * [`reduce`](/docs/kcl-std/reduce)
+  * [`map`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-map)
+  * [`pop`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-pop)
+  * [`push`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-push)
+  * [`reduce`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-reduce)
 * [**std::math**](/docs/kcl-std/modules/std-math)
   * [`abs`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-abs)
   * [`acos`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-acos)
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ layout: manual
   * [`ceil`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-ceil)
   * [`cos`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-cos)
   * [`floor`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-floor)
-  * [`legAngX`](/docs/kcl-std/legAngX)
-  * [`legAngY`](/docs/kcl-std/legAngY)
-  * [`legLen`](/docs/kcl-std/legLen)
+  * [`legAngX`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngX)
+  * [`legAngY`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngY)
+  * [`legLen`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legLen)
   * [`ln`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-ln)
   * [`log`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-log)
   * [`log10`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-log10)
@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@ See also the [types overview](/docs/kcl-lang/types)
 
 * [**Primitive types**](/docs/kcl-lang/types)
   * [`End`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#End)
-  * [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry)
+  * [`Fn`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Fn)
+  * [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry)
   * [`Start`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#Start)
   * [`TagDeclarator`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#TagDeclarator)
   * [`TagIdentifier`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#TagIdentifier)

docs/kcl-std/legAngX.md

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "legAngX"
-subtitle: "Function in std::math"
-excerpt: "Compute the angle of the given leg for x."
-layout: manual
----
-
-Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
-
-```kcl
-legAngX(
-  hypotenuse: number,
-  leg: number,
-): number
-```
-
-
-
-### Arguments
-
-| Name | Type | Description | Required |
-|----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `hypotenuse` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse | Yes |
-| `leg` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side) | Yes |
-
-### Returns
-
-[`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
-
-
-### Examples
-
-```kcl
-legAngX(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-```
-
-
-

docs/kcl-std/legAngY.md

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "legAngY"
-subtitle: "Function in std::math"
-excerpt: "Compute the angle of the given leg for y."
-layout: manual
----
-
-Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
-
-```kcl
-legAngY(
-  hypotenuse: number,
-  leg: number,
-): number
-```
-
-
-
-### Arguments
-
-| Name | Type | Description | Required |
-|----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `hypotenuse` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse | Yes |
-| `leg` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side) | Yes |
-
-### Returns
-
-[`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
-
-
-### Examples
-
-```kcl
-legAngY(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-```
-
-
-

docs/kcl-std/legLen.md

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "legLen"
-subtitle: "Function in std::math"
-excerpt: "Compute the length of the given leg."
-layout: manual
----
-
-Compute the length of the given leg.
-
-```kcl
-legLen(
-  hypotenuse: number,
-  leg: number,
-): number
-```
-
-
-
-### Arguments
-
-| Name | Type | Description | Required |
-|----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `hypotenuse` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of the triangle's hypotenuse | Yes |
-| `leg` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side) | Yes |
-
-### Returns
-
-[`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) - A number.
-
-
-### Examples
-
-```kcl
-legLen(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-```
-
-
-

docs/kcl-std/modules/std-array.md

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ Functions for manipulating arrays of values.
 
 ## Functions and constants
 
-* [`map`](/docs/kcl-std/map)
-* [`pop`](/docs/kcl-std/pop)
-* [`push`](/docs/kcl-std/push)
-* [`reduce`](/docs/kcl-std/reduce)
+* [`map`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-map)
+* [`pop`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-pop)
+* [`push`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-push)
+* [`reduce`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-array-reduce)
 

docs/kcl-std/modules/std-math.md

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ Functions for mathematical operations and some useful constants.
 * [`ceil`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-ceil)
 * [`cos`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-cos)
 * [`floor`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-floor)
-* [`legAngX`](/docs/kcl-std/legAngX)
-* [`legAngY`](/docs/kcl-std/legAngY)
-* [`legLen`](/docs/kcl-std/legLen)
+* [`legAngX`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngX)
+* [`legAngY`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legAngY)
+* [`legLen`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-legLen)
 * [`ln`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-ln)
 * [`log`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-log)
 * [`log10`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-math-log10)

docs/kcl-std/modules/std-types.md

@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@ Types can (optionally) be used to describe a function's arguments and returned v
 * [`Axis3d`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Axis3d)
 * [`Edge`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Edge)
 * [`Face`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Face)
+* [`Fn`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Fn)
 * [`Helix`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Helix)
+* [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry)
 * [`Plane`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Plane)
 * [`Point2d`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Point2d)
 * [`Point3d`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Point3d)

docs/kcl-std/modules/std.md

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ Contains frequently used constants, functions for interacting with the KittyCAD
 
 The standard library is organised into modules (listed below), but most things are always available in KCL programs. 
 
+You might also want the [KCL language reference](/docs/kcl-lang) or the [KCL guide](). 
+
 ## Modules
 
 * [`array`](/docs/kcl-std/modules/std-array)
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ The standard library is organised into modules (listed below), but most things a
 * [`appearance`](/docs/kcl-std/appearance)
 * [`assert`](/docs/kcl-std/assert)
 * [`assertIs`](/docs/kcl-std/assertIs)
-* [`clone`](/docs/kcl-std/clone)
+* [`clone`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-clone)
 * [`helix`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-helix)
 * [`offsetPlane`](/docs/kcl-std/functions/std-offsetPlane)
 * [`patternLinear2d`](/docs/kcl-std/patternLinear2d)

docs/kcl-std/rotate.md

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ When rotating a part around an axis, you specify the axis of rotation and the an
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to rotate. | Yes |
+| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to rotate. | Yes |
 | `roll` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The roll angle in degrees. Must be between -360 and 360. Default is 0 if not given. | No |
 | `pitch` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The pitch angle in degrees. Must be between -360 and 360. Default is 0 if not given. | No |
 | `yaw` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The yaw angle in degrees. Must be between -360 and 360. Default is 0 if not given. | No |
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ When rotating a part around an axis, you specify the axis of rotation and the an
 
 ### Returns
 
-[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
+[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
 
 
 ### Examples

docs/kcl-std/scale.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ If you want to apply the transform in global space, set `global` to `true`. The
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to scale. | Yes |
+| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to scale. | Yes |
 | `x` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The scale factor for the x axis. Default is 1 if not provided. | No |
 | `y` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The scale factor for the y axis. Default is 1 if not provided. | No |
 | `z` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The scale factor for the z axis. Default is 1 if not provided. | No |
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ If you want to apply the transform in global space, set `global` to `true`. The
 
 ### Returns
 
-[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
+[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
 
 
 ### Examples

docs/kcl-std/translate.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Translate is really useful for sketches if you want to move a sketch and then ro
 
 | Name | Type | Description | Required |
 |----------|------|-------------|----------|
-| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to move. | Yes |
+| `objects` | [`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) | The solid, sketch, or set of solids or sketches to move. | Yes |
 | `x` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The amount to move the solid or sketch along the x axis. Defaults to 0 if not provided. | No |
 | `y` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The amount to move the solid or sketch along the y axis. Defaults to 0 if not provided. | No |
 | `z` | [`number`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-number) | The amount to move the solid or sketch along the z axis. Defaults to 0 if not provided. | No |
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Translate is really useful for sketches if you want to move a sketch and then ro
 
 ### Returns
 
-[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-lang/types#ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
+[`[Solid]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Solid) or [`[Sketch]`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Sketch) or [`ImportedGeometry`](/docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry) - Data for a solid, sketch, or an imported geometry.
 
 
 ### Examples

docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Fn.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+title: "Fn"
+subtitle: "Type in std::types"
+excerpt: "The type of any function in KCL."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+The type of any function in KCL.
+
+
+
+
+

docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-ImportedGeometry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+title: "ImportedGeometry"
+subtitle: "Type in std::types"
+excerpt: "Represents geometry which is defined using some other CAD system and imported into KCL."
+layout: manual
+---
+
+Represents geometry which is defined using some other CAD system and imported into KCL.
+
+
+
+
+

docs/kcl-std/types/std-types-Plane.md

@@ -7,8 +7,25 @@ layout: manual
 
 An abstract plane.
 
-A plane has a position and orientation in space defined by its origin and axes. A plane can be used
-to sketch on.
+A plane has a position and orientation in space defined by its origin and axes. A plane is abstract
+in the sense that it is not part of the objects being drawn. A plane can be used to sketch on.
+
+A plane can be created in several ways:
+- you can use one of the default planes, e.g., `XY`.
+- you can use `offsetPlane` to create a new plane offset from an existing one, e.g., `offsetPlane(XY, offset = 150)`.
+- you can use negation to create a plane from an existing one which is identical but has an opposite normal
+e.g., `-XY`.
+- you can define an entirely custom plane, e.g.,
+
+```js
+myXY = {
+  origin = { x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 },
+  xAxis = { x = 1, y = 0, z = 0 },
+  yAxis = { x = 0, y = 1, z = 0 },
+}
+```
+
+Any object with appropriate `origin`, `xAxis`, and `yAxis` fields can be used as a plane.
 
 
 

e2e/playwright/regression-tests.spec.ts

@@ -841,6 +841,40 @@ washer = extrude(washerSketch, length = thicknessMax)`
       await editor.expectEditor.toContain('@settings(defaultLengthUnit = yd)')
     })
   })
+
+  test('Exiting existing sketch without editing should not delete it', async ({
+    page,
+    editor,
+    homePage,
+    context,
+    toolbar,
+    scene,
+    cmdBar,
+  }) => {
+    await context.folderSetupFn(async (dir) => {
+      const testDir = path.join(dir, 'test')
+      await fsp.mkdir(testDir, { recursive: true })
+      await fsp.writeFile(
+        path.join(testDir, 'main.kcl'),
+        `s1 = startSketchOn(XY)
+  |> startProfile(at = [0, 25])
+  |> xLine(endAbsolute = -15 + 1.5)
+s2 = startSketchOn(XY)
+  |> startProfile(at = [25, 0])
+  |> yLine(endAbsolute = -15 + 1.5)`,
+        'utf-8'
+      )
+    })
+
+    await homePage.openProject('test')
+    await scene.settled(cmdBar)
+    await toolbar.waitForFeatureTreeToBeBuilt()
+    await toolbar.editSketch(1)
+    await page.waitForTimeout(1000) // Just hang out for a second
+    await toolbar.exitSketch()
+
+    await editor.expectEditor.toContain('s2 = startSketchOn(XY)')
+  })
 })
 
 async function clickExportButton(page: Page) {

package.json

@@ -107,7 +107,6 @@
     "check": "biome check ./src ./e2e ./packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src ./rust/kcl-language-server/client/src",
     "fetch:wasm": "./scripts/get-latest-wasm-bundle.sh",
     "fetch:wasm:windows": "powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File ./scripts/get-latest-wasm-bundle.ps1",
-    "fetch:samples": "rm -rf public/kcl-samples* && curl -L -o public/kcl-samples.zip https://github.com/KittyCAD/kcl-samples/archive/refs/heads/achalmers/kw-args-xylineto.zip && unzip -o public/kcl-samples.zip -d public && mv public/kcl-samples-* public/kcl-samples",
     "remove-importmeta": "sed -i 's/import.meta.url/window.location.origin/g' \"./rust/kcl-wasm-lib/pkg/kcl_wasm_lib.js\"; sed -i '' 's/import.meta.url/window.location.origin/g' \"./rust/kcl-wasm-lib/pkg/kcl_wasm_lib.js\" || echo \"sed for both mac and linux\"",
     "lint-fix": "eslint --fix --ext .ts --ext .tsx src e2e packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src rust/kcl-language-server/client/src",
     "lint": "eslint --max-warnings 0 --ext .ts --ext .tsx src e2e packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src rust/kcl-language-server/client/src",
@@ -123,7 +122,6 @@
     "files:invalidate-bucket:nightly": "./scripts/invalidate-files-bucket.sh --nightly",
     "postinstall": "electron-rebuild",
     "generate:machine-api": "npx openapi-typescript ./openapi/machine-api.json -o src/lib/machine-api.d.ts",
-    "generate:samples-manifest": "cd public/kcl-samples && node generate-manifest.js",
     "tron:start": "electron-forge start",
     "chrome:test": "PLATFORM=web NODE_ENV=development playwright test --config=playwright.config.ts --project='Google Chrome' --grep-invert=@snapshot",
     "tronb:vite:dev": "vite build -c vite.main.config.ts -m development && vite build -c vite.preload.config.ts -m development && vite build -c vite.renderer.config.ts -m development",

packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src/plugin/go-to-definition.ts

@@ -15,10 +15,6 @@ export default function lspGoToDefinitionExt(
         {
           key: 'F12',
           run: (view) => {
-            if (!plugin) {
-              return false
-            }
-
             const value = view.plugin(plugin)
             if (!value) return false
 

packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src/plugin/lsp.ts

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ import {
 import { isArray } from '../lib/utils'
 import lspGoToDefinitionExt from './go-to-definition'
 import lspRenameExt from './rename'
-import lspSignatureHelpExt from './signature-help'
+import { lspSignatureHelpExt, setSignatureTooltip } from './signature-help'
 
 const useLast = (values: readonly any[]) => values.reduce((_, v) => v, '')
 export const docPathFacet = Facet.define<string, string>({
@@ -695,6 +695,8 @@ export class LanguageServerPlugin implements PluginValue {
 
       // Create the tooltip container
       const dom = this.createTooltipContainer()
+      dom.className =
+        'documentation hover-tooltip cm-tooltip cm-signature-tooltip'
 
       // Get active signature
       const activeSignatureIndex = result.activeSignature ?? 0
@@ -769,42 +771,7 @@ export class LanguageServerPlugin implements PluginValue {
     )
 
     if (tooltip) {
-      // Create and show the tooltip manually
-      const { pos: tooltipPos, create } = tooltip
-      const tooltipView = create(view)
-
-      const tooltipElement = document.createElement('div')
-      tooltipElement.className =
-        'documentation hover-tooltip cm-tooltip cm-signature-tooltip'
-      tooltipElement.style.position = 'absolute'
-      tooltipElement.style.zIndex = '99999999'
-
-      tooltipElement.appendChild(tooltipView.dom)
-
-      // Position the tooltip
-      const coords = view.coordsAtPos(tooltipPos)
-      if (coords) {
-        tooltipElement.style.left = `${coords.left}px`
-        tooltipElement.style.top = `${coords.bottom + 5}px`
-
-        // Add to DOM
-        document.body.appendChild(tooltipElement)
-
-        // Remove after a delay or on editor changes
-        setTimeout(() => {
-          removeTooltip() // Use the function that also cleans up event listeners
-        }, 10000) // Show for 10 seconds
-
-        // Also remove on any user input
-        const removeTooltip = () => {
-          tooltipElement.remove()
-          view.dom.removeEventListener('keydown', removeTooltip)
-          view.dom.removeEventListener('mousedown', removeTooltip)
-        }
-
-        view.dom.addEventListener('keydown', removeTooltip)
-        view.dom.addEventListener('mousedown', removeTooltip)
-      }
+      view.dispatch({ effects: setSignatureTooltip.of(tooltip) })
     }
   }
 
@@ -1034,15 +1001,8 @@ export class LanguageServerPlugin implements PluginValue {
             continue
           }
 
-          // Sort edits in reverse order to avoid position shifts
-          const sortedEdits = docChange.edits.sort((a, b) => {
-            const posA = posToOffset(view.state.doc, a.range.start)
-            const posB = posToOffset(view.state.doc, b.range.start)
-            return (posB ?? 0) - (posA ?? 0)
-          })
-
           // Create a single transaction with all changes
-          const changes = sortedEdits.map((edit) => ({
+          const changes = docChange.edits.map((edit) => ({
             from: posToOffset(view.state.doc, edit.range.start) ?? 0,
             to: posToOffset(view.state.doc, edit.range.end) ?? 0,
             insert: edit.newText,
@@ -1070,15 +1030,8 @@ export class LanguageServerPlugin implements PluginValue {
           continue
         }
 
-        // Sort changes in reverse order to avoid position shifts
-        const sortedChanges = changes.sort((a, b) => {
-          const posA = posToOffset(view.state.doc, a.range.start)
-          const posB = posToOffset(view.state.doc, b.range.start)
-          return (posB ?? 0) - (posA ?? 0)
-        })
-
         // Create a single transaction with all changes
-        const changeSpecs = sortedChanges.map((change) => ({
+        const changeSpecs = changes.map((change) => ({
           from: posToOffset(view.state.doc, change.range.start) ?? 0,
           to: posToOffset(view.state.doc, change.range.end) ?? 0,
           insert: change.newText,

packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src/plugin/rename.ts

@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ export default function lspRenameExt(
         {
           key: 'F2',
           run: (view) => {
-            if (!plugin) return false
-
             const value = view.plugin(plugin)
             if (!value) return false
 

packages/codemirror-lsp-client/src/plugin/signature-help.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,68 @@
-import type { Extension } from '@codemirror/state'
-import { Prec } from '@codemirror/state'
-import type { ViewPlugin } from '@codemirror/view'
-import { EditorView } from '@codemirror/view'
-import { keymap } from '@codemirror/view'
+import {
+  type EditorState,
+  type Extension,
+  Prec,
+  StateEffect,
+  StateField,
+} from '@codemirror/state'
+import type { Tooltip } from '@codemirror/view'
+import { type ViewPlugin, showTooltip } from '@codemirror/view'
+import { EditorView, keymap } from '@codemirror/view'
+import { syntaxTree } from '@codemirror/language'
+import { type SyntaxNode } from '@lezer/common'
 
 import type { LanguageServerPlugin } from './lsp'
 
-export default function lspSignatureHelpExt(
+export const setSignatureTooltip = StateEffect.define<Tooltip | null>()
+
+function findParenthesized(
+  state: EditorState,
+  pos: number,
+  side: 1 | 0 | -1 = 0
+) {
+  let context: SyntaxNode | null = syntaxTree(state).resolveInner(pos, side)
+  while (context) {
+    const open = context.firstChild
+    if (
+      open &&
+      open.from == context.from &&
+      open.to == context.from + 1 &&
+      state.doc.sliceString(open.from, open.to) == '('
+    )
+      break
+    context = context.parent
+  }
+  return context
+}
+
+const signatureTooltip = StateField.define<Tooltip | null>({
+  create: () => null,
+  update(value, tr) {
+    for (let effect of tr.effects) {
+      if (effect.is(setSignatureTooltip)) return effect.value
+    }
+    if (!value) return null
+    if (tr.selection) {
+      let parens = findParenthesized(tr.state, tr.selection.main.head)
+      if (!parens || parens.from != value.pos) return null
+    }
+    return tr.docChanged
+      ? { ...value, pos: tr.changes.mapPos(value.pos) }
+      : value
+  },
+  provide: (f) => [
+    showTooltip.from(f),
+    EditorView.domEventHandlers({
+      blur: (_, view) => {
+        if (view.state.field(f)) {
+          view.dispatch({ effects: setSignatureTooltip.of(null) })
+        }
+      },
+    }),
+  ],
+})
+
+export function lspSignatureHelpExt(
   plugin: ViewPlugin<LanguageServerPlugin>
 ): Extension {
   return [
@@ -15,16 +71,16 @@ export default function lspSignatureHelpExt(
         {
           key: 'Mod-Shift-Space',
           run: (view) => {
-            if (!plugin) {
-              return false
-            }
-
             const value = view.plugin(plugin)
             if (!value) return false
 
-            const pos = view.state.selection.main.head
+            const parens = findParenthesized(
+              view.state,
+              view.state.selection.main.head
+            )
+            if (!parens) return false
             // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises
-            value.showSignatureHelpTooltip(view, pos)
+            value.showSignatureHelpTooltip(view, parens.from)
             return true
           },
         },
@@ -32,17 +88,10 @@ export default function lspSignatureHelpExt(
     ),
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-misused-promises
     EditorView.updateListener.of(async (update) => {
-      if (!(plugin && update.docChanged)) return
+      if (!update.docChanged) return
 
       // Make sure this is a valid user typing event.
-      let isRelevant = false
-      for (const tr of update.transactions) {
-        if (tr.isUserEvent('input')) {
-          isRelevant = true
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (!isRelevant) {
+      if (!update.transactions.some((tr) => tr.isUserEvent('input'))) {
         // We only want signature help on user events.
         return
       }
@@ -59,18 +108,16 @@ export default function lspSignatureHelpExt(
 
       // Check if changes include trigger characters
       const changes = update.changes
-      let shouldTrigger = false
       let triggerPos = -1
 
       changes.iterChanges((_fromA, _toA, _fromB, toB, inserted) => {
-        if (shouldTrigger) return // Skip if already found a trigger
+        if (triggerPos >= 0) return // Skip if already found a trigger
 
         const text = inserted.toString()
         if (!text) return
 
         for (const char of triggerChars) {
           if (text.includes(char)) {
-            shouldTrigger = true
             triggerPos = toB
             triggerCharacter = char
             break
@@ -78,13 +125,17 @@ export default function lspSignatureHelpExt(
         }
       })
 
-      if (shouldTrigger && triggerPos >= 0) {
-        await value.showSignatureHelpTooltip(
-          update.view,
-          triggerPos,
-          triggerCharacter
-        )
+      if (triggerPos >= 0) {
+        const parens = findParenthesized(update.view.state, triggerPos, -1)
+        if (parens) {
+          await value.showSignatureHelpTooltip(
+            update.view,
+            parens.from,
+            triggerCharacter
+          )
+        }
       }
     }),
+    signatureTooltip,
   ]
 }

rust/Cargo.lock

@@ -1815,7 +1815,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-bumper"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
@@ -1826,7 +1826,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-derive-docs"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "Inflector",
  "anyhow",
@@ -1845,7 +1845,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-directory-test-macro"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-language-server"
-version = "0.2.68"
+version = "0.2.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
@@ -1875,7 +1875,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-language-server-release"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
@@ -1895,7 +1895,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-lib"
-version = "0.2.68"
+version = "0.2.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "approx 0.5.1",
@@ -1959,6 +1959,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "url",
  "uuid",
  "validator",
+ "walkdir",
  "wasm-bindgen",
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "web-sys",
@@ -1970,7 +1971,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-python-bindings"
-version = "0.3.68"
+version = "0.3.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "kcl-lib",
@@ -1985,7 +1986,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-test-server"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "hyper 0.14.32",
@@ -1998,7 +1999,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-to-core"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -2012,7 +2013,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kcl-wasm-lib"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "bson",
@@ -2042,9 +2043,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "kittycad"
-version = "0.3.36"
+version = "0.3.37"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0a345fd2a4cb16205f32bd1aa41715045830c59d78c59927fca6580e2a651ac9"
+checksum = "b48a9698d68c791df76aa020b596c324177a614e38ff3dd67eedd04db76e222f"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",

rust/Cargo.toml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ console_error_panic_hook = "0.1.7"
 dashmap = { version = "6.1.0" }
 http = "1"
 indexmap = "2.9.0"
-kittycad = { version = "0.3.36", default-features = false, features = ["js", "requests"] }
+kittycad = { version = "0.3.37", default-features = false, features = ["js", "requests"] }
 kittycad-modeling-cmds = { version = "0.2.117", features = ["ts-rs", "websocket"] }
 lazy_static = "1.5.0"
 miette = "7.5.0"

rust/kcl-bumper/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 
 [package]
 name = "kcl-bumper"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 edition = "2021"
 repository = "https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-api"
 rust-version = "1.76"

rust/kcl-derive-docs/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "kcl-derive-docs"
 description = "A tool for generating documentation from Rust derive macros"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app"

rust/kcl-directory-test-macro/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "kcl-directory-test-macro"
 description = "A tool for generating tests from a directory of kcl files"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app"

rust/kcl-language-server-release/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "kcl-language-server-release"
-version = "0.1.68"
+version = "0.1.69"
 edition = "2021"
 authors = ["KittyCAD Inc <kcl@kittycad.io>"]
 publish = false

rust/kcl-language-server/Cargo.toml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 name = "kcl-language-server"
 description = "A language server for KCL."
 authors = ["KittyCAD Inc <kcl@kittycad.io>"]
-version = "0.2.68"
+version = "0.2.69"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

rust/kcl-lib/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "kcl-lib"
 description = "KittyCAD Language implementation and tools"
-version = "0.2.68"
+version = "0.2.69"
 edition = "2021"
 license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app"
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ tynm = "0.1.10"
 url = { version = "2.5.4", features = ["serde"] }
 uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["v4", "v5", "js", "serde"] }
 validator = { version = "0.20.0", features = ["derive"] }
+walkdir = "2.5.0"
 web-time = "1.1"
 winnow = "=0.6.24"
 zip = { workspace = true }

rust/kcl-lib/e2e/executor/cache.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use kcl_lib::{bust_cache, ExecError, ExecOutcome};
 use kcmc::{each_cmd as mcmd, ModelingCmd};
 use kittycad_modeling_cmds as kcmc;
+use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Variation<'a> {
@@ -247,8 +248,11 @@ extrude(profile001, length = 100)"#
     )
     .await;
 
-    result.first().unwrap();
-    result.last().unwrap();
+    let first = result.first().unwrap();
+    let last = result.last().unwrap();
+
+    assert!(first.1 == last.1, "The images should be the same");
+    assert_eq!(first.2, last.2, "The outcomes should be the same");
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "artifact-graph")]
@@ -550,3 +554,64 @@ extrude(profile001, length = 100)
         "The outcomes artifact graphs should be different"
     );
 }
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+async fn kcl_test_cache_multi_file_same_code_dont_reexecute_settings_only_change() {
+    let code = r#"import "toBeImported.kcl" as importedCube
+
+importedCube
+
+sketch001 = startSketchOn(XZ)
+profile001 = startProfile(sketch001, at = [-134.53, -56.17])
+  |> angledLine(angle = 0, length = 79.05, tag = $rectangleSegmentA001)
+  |> angledLine(angle = segAng(rectangleSegmentA001) - 90, length = 76.28)
+  |> angledLine(angle = segAng(rectangleSegmentA001), length = -segLen(rectangleSegmentA001), tag = $seg01)
+  |> line(endAbsolute = [profileStartX(%), profileStartY(%)], tag = $seg02)
+  |> close()
+extrude001 = extrude(profile001, length = 100)
+sketch003 = startSketchOn(extrude001, face = seg02)
+sketch002 = startSketchOn(extrude001, face = seg01)
+"#;
+
+    let other_file = (
+        std::path::PathBuf::from("toBeImported.kcl"),
+        r#"sketch001 = startSketchOn(XZ)
+profile001 = startProfile(sketch001, at = [281.54, 305.81])
+  |> angledLine(angle = 0, length = 123.43, tag = $rectangleSegmentA001)
+  |> angledLine(angle = segAng(rectangleSegmentA001) - 90, length = 85.99)
+  |> angledLine(angle = segAng(rectangleSegmentA001), length = -segLen(rectangleSegmentA001))
+  |> line(endAbsolute = [profileStartX(%), profileStartY(%)])
+  |> close()
+extrude(profile001, length = 100)"#
+            .to_string(),
+    );
+
+    let result = cache_test(
+        "multi_file_same_code_dont_reexecute_settings_only_change",
+        vec![
+            Variation {
+                code,
+                other_files: vec![other_file.clone()],
+                settings: &kcl_lib::ExecutorSettings {
+                    show_grid: false,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                },
+            },
+            Variation {
+                code,
+                other_files: vec![other_file],
+                settings: &kcl_lib::ExecutorSettings {
+                    show_grid: true,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                },
+            },
+        ],
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    let first = result.first().unwrap();
+    let last = result.last().unwrap();
+
+    assert!(first.1 != last.1, "The images should be different for the grid");
+    assert_eq!(first.2, last.2, "The outcomes should be the same");
+}

rust/kcl-lib/src/docs/gen_std_tests.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 // Types with special handling.
-const SPECIAL_TYPES: [&str; 5] = ["TagDeclarator", "TagIdentifier", "Start", "End", "ImportedGeometry"];
+const SPECIAL_TYPES: [&str; 4] = ["TagDeclarator", "TagIdentifier", "Start", "End"];
 
 const TYPE_REWRITES: [(&str, &str); 11] = [
     ("TagNode", "TagDeclarator"),
@@ -380,6 +380,21 @@ fn generate_function_from_kcl(
         .enumerate()
         .filter_map(|(index, example)| generate_example(index, &example.0, &example.1, &example_name))
         .collect();
+    let args = function.args.iter().map(|arg| {
+        let docs = arg.docs.clone();
+        if let Some(docs) = &docs {
+            // We deliberately truncate to one line in the template so that if we are using the docs
+            // from the type, then we only take the summary. However, if there's a newline in the 
+            // arg docs, then they would get truncated unintentionally.
+            assert!(!docs.contains('\n'), "Arg docs will get truncated");
+        };
+        json!({
+            "name": arg.name,
+            "type_": arg.ty,
+            "description": docs.or_else(|| arg.ty.as_ref().and_then(|t| super::docs_for_type(t, kcl_std))).unwrap_or_default(),
+            "required": arg.kind.required(),
+        })
+    }).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
     let data = json!({
         "name": function.preferred_name,
@@ -389,14 +404,7 @@ fn generate_function_from_kcl(
         "deprecated": function.properties.deprecated,
         "fn_signature": function.preferred_name.clone() + &function.fn_signature(),
         "examples": examples,
-        "args": function.args.iter().map(|arg| {
-            json!({
-                "name": arg.name,
-                "type_": arg.ty,
-                "description": arg.docs.clone().or_else(|| arg.ty.as_ref().and_then(|t| super::docs_for_type(t, kcl_std))).unwrap_or_default(),
-                "required": arg.kind.required(),
-            })
-        }).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        "args": args,
         "return_value": function.return_type.as_ref().map(|t| {
             json!({
                 "type_": t,

rust/kcl-lib/src/docs/kcl_doc.rs

@@ -626,6 +626,8 @@ impl FnData {
     pub(super) fn to_autocomplete_snippet(&self) -> String {
         if self.name == "loft" {
             return "loft([${0:sketch000}, ${1:sketch001}])".to_owned();
+        } else if self.name == "clone" {
+            return "clone(${0:part001})".to_owned();
         } else if self.name == "hole" {
             return "hole(${0:holeSketch}, ${1:%})".to_owned();
         }

rust/kcl-lib/src/docs/mod.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use std::{
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 use kcl_doc::ModData;
+use parse_display::Display;
 use schemars::JsonSchema;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use tower_lsp::lsp_types::{
@@ -18,15 +19,27 @@ use tower_lsp::lsp_types::{
     MarkupKind, ParameterInformation, ParameterLabel, SignatureHelp, SignatureInformation,
 };
 
-use crate::{
-    execution::{types::NumericType, Sketch},
-    std::Primitive,
-};
+use crate::execution::{types::NumericType, Sketch};
 
 // These types are declared in (KCL) std.
-const DECLARED_TYPES: [&str; 15] = [
-    "any", "number", "string", "tag", "bool", "Sketch", "Solid", "Plane", "Helix", "Face", "Edge", "Point2d",
-    "Point3d", "Axis2d", "Axis3d",
+const DECLARED_TYPES: [&str; 17] = [
+    "any",
+    "number",
+    "string",
+    "tag",
+    "bool",
+    "Sketch",
+    "Solid",
+    "Plane",
+    "Helix",
+    "Face",
+    "Edge",
+    "Point2d",
+    "Point3d",
+    "Axis2d",
+    "Axis3d",
+    "ImportedGeometry",
+    "Fn",
 ];
 
 lazy_static::lazy_static! {
@@ -38,6 +51,21 @@ lazy_static::lazy_static! {
     };
 }
 
+/// The primitive types that can be used in a KCL file.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, JsonSchema, Display)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+#[display(style = "lowercase")]
+enum Primitive {
+    /// A boolean value.
+    Bool,
+    /// A number value.
+    Number,
+    /// A string value.
+    String,
+    /// A uuid value.
+    Uuid,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, JsonSchema, ts_rs::TS)]
 #[ts(export)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -167,6 +195,7 @@ impl StdLibFnArg {
     pub fn description(&self, kcl_std: Option<&ModData>) -> Option<String> {
         // Check if we explicitly gave this stdlib arg a description.
         if !self.description.is_empty() {
+            assert!(!self.description.contains('\n'), "Arg docs will get truncated");
             return Some(self.description.clone());
         }
 
@@ -533,8 +562,6 @@ pub trait StdLibFn: std::fmt::Debug + Send + Sync {
     fn to_autocomplete_snippet(&self) -> Result<String> {
         if self.name() == "loft" {
             return Ok("loft([${0:sketch000}, ${1:sketch001}])".to_string());
-        } else if self.name() == "clone" {
-            return Ok("clone(${0:part001})".to_string());
         } else if self.name() == "union" {
             return Ok("union([${0:extrude001}, ${1:extrude002}])".to_string());
         } else if self.name() == "subtract" {
@@ -701,7 +728,7 @@ pub fn get_description_string_from_schema(schema: &schemars::schema::RootSchema)
     None
 }
 
-pub fn is_primitive(schema: &schemars::schema::Schema) -> Result<Option<Primitive>> {
+fn is_primitive(schema: &schemars::schema::Schema) -> Result<Option<Primitive>> {
     match schema {
         schemars::schema::Schema::Object(o) => {
             if o.enum_values.is_some() {
@@ -1007,9 +1034,12 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn get_autocomplete_snippet_map() {
-        let map_fn: Box<dyn StdLibFn> = Box::new(crate::std::array::Map);
-        let snippet = map_fn.to_autocomplete_snippet().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(snippet, r#"map(${0:[0..9]})"#);
+        let data = kcl_doc::walk_prelude();
+        let DocData::Fn(map_fn) = data.find_by_name("map").unwrap() else {
+            panic!();
+        };
+        let snippet = map_fn.to_autocomplete_snippet();
+        assert_eq!(snippet, r#"map()"#);
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -1129,8 +1159,11 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     #[allow(clippy::literal_string_with_formatting_args)]
     fn get_autocomplete_snippet_clone() {
-        let clone_fn: Box<dyn StdLibFn> = Box::new(crate::std::clone::Clone);
-        let snippet = clone_fn.to_autocomplete_snippet().unwrap();
+        let data = kcl_doc::walk_prelude();
+        let DocData::Fn(clone_fn) = data.find_by_name("clone").unwrap() else {
+            panic!();
+        };
+        let snippet = clone_fn.to_autocomplete_snippet();
         assert_eq!(snippet, r#"clone(${0:part001})"#);
     }
 

rust/kcl-lib/src/errors.rs

@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ impl From<KclError> for pyo3::PyErr {
 }
 
 /// An error which occurred during parsing, etc.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, ts_rs::TS)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, ts_rs::TS, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[ts(export)]
 pub struct CompilationError {
     #[serde(rename = "sourceRange")]

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/cache.rs

@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ pub(super) async fn get_changed_program(old: CacheInformation<'_>, new: CacheInf
         // We know they have the same imports because the ast is the same.
         // If we have no imports, we can skip this.
         if !old.ast.has_import_statements() {
-            println!("No imports, no need to check.");
             return CacheResult::NoAction(reapply_settings);
         }
 

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/cad_op.rs

@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ impl From<&KclValue> for OpKclValue {
                 ty: ty.clone(),
             },
             KclValue::String { value, .. } => Self::String { value: value.clone() },
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
                 let value = value.iter().map(Self::from).collect();
                 Self::Array { value }
             }

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/exec_ast.rs

@@ -16,12 +16,13 @@ use crate::{
         BodyType, EnvironmentRef, ExecState, ExecutorContext, KclValue, Metadata, PlaneType, TagEngineInfo,
         TagIdentifier,
     },
+    fmt,
     modules::{ModuleId, ModulePath, ModuleRepr},
     parsing::ast::types::{
-        Annotation, ArrayExpression, ArrayRangeExpression, BinaryExpression, BinaryOperator, BinaryPart, BodyItem,
-        CallExpressionKw, Expr, FunctionExpression, IfExpression, ImportPath, ImportSelector, ItemVisibility,
-        LiteralIdentifier, LiteralValue, MemberExpression, MemberObject, Name, Node, NodeRef, ObjectExpression,
-        PipeExpression, Program, TagDeclarator, Type, UnaryExpression, UnaryOperator,
+        Annotation, ArrayExpression, ArrayRangeExpression, AscribedExpression, BinaryExpression, BinaryOperator,
+        BinaryPart, BodyItem, CallExpressionKw, Expr, FunctionExpression, IfExpression, ImportPath, ImportSelector,
+        ItemVisibility, LiteralIdentifier, LiteralValue, MemberExpression, MemberObject, Name, Node, NodeRef,
+        ObjectExpression, PipeExpression, Program, TagDeclarator, Type, UnaryExpression, UnaryOperator,
     },
     source_range::SourceRange,
     std::{
@@ -707,17 +708,25 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                 // TODO this lets us use the label as a variable name, but not as a tag in most cases
                 result
             }
-            Expr::AscribedExpression(expr) => {
-                let result = self
-                    .execute_expr(&expr.expr, exec_state, metadata, &[], statement_kind)
-                    .await?;
-                apply_ascription(&result, &expr.ty, exec_state, expr.into())?
-            }
+            Expr::AscribedExpression(expr) => expr.get_result(exec_state, self).await?,
         };
         Ok(item)
     }
 }
 
+impl Node<AscribedExpression> {
+    #[async_recursion]
+    pub async fn get_result(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+        let metadata = Metadata {
+            source_range: SourceRange::from(self),
+        };
+        let result = ctx
+            .execute_expr(&self.expr, exec_state, &metadata, &[], StatementKind::Expression)
+            .await?;
+        apply_ascription(&result, &self.ty, exec_state, self.into())
+    }
+}
+
 fn apply_ascription(
     value: &KclValue,
     ty: &Node<Type>,
@@ -758,6 +767,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await,
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_result(exec_state),
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await,
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.get_result(exec_state, ctx).await,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -867,11 +877,7 @@ impl Node<MemberExpression> {
                     source_ranges: vec![self.clone().into()],
                 }))
             }
-            (
-                KclValue::MixedArray { value: arr, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value: arr, .. },
-                Property::UInt(index),
-                _,
-            ) => {
+            (KclValue::HomArray { value: arr, .. }, Property::UInt(index), _) => {
                 let value_of_arr = arr.get(index);
                 if let Some(value) = value_of_arr {
                     Ok(value.to_owned())
@@ -882,7 +888,7 @@ impl Node<MemberExpression> {
                     }))
                 }
             }
-            (KclValue::MixedArray { .. } | KclValue::HomArray { .. }, p, _) => {
+            (KclValue::HomArray { .. }, p, _) => {
                 let t = p.type_name();
                 let article = article_for(t);
                 Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
@@ -1170,7 +1176,7 @@ impl Node<UnaryExpression> {
                 };
 
                 let direction = match direction {
-                    KclValue::MixedArray { value: values, meta } => {
+                    KclValue::Tuple { value: values, meta } => {
                         let values = values
                             .iter()
                             .map(|v| match v {
@@ -1183,7 +1189,7 @@ impl Node<UnaryExpression> {
                             })
                             .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
 
-                        KclValue::MixedArray {
+                        KclValue::Tuple {
                             value: values,
                             meta: meta.clone(),
                         }
@@ -1551,7 +1557,7 @@ fn update_memory_for_tags_of_geometry(result: &mut KclValue, exec_state: &mut Ex
                 }
             }
         }
-        KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
+        KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
             for v in value {
                 update_memory_for_tags_of_geometry(v, exec_state)?;
             }
@@ -1595,9 +1601,9 @@ impl Node<ArrayExpression> {
             results.push(value);
         }
 
-        Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
+        Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
             value: results,
-            meta: vec![self.into()],
+            ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any),
         })
     }
 }
@@ -1606,7 +1612,7 @@ impl Node<ArrayRangeExpression> {
     #[async_recursion]
     pub async fn execute(&self, exec_state: &mut ExecState, ctx: &ExecutorContext) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let metadata = Metadata::from(&self.start_element);
-        let start = ctx
+        let start_val = ctx
             .execute_expr(
                 &self.start_element,
                 exec_state,
@@ -1615,19 +1621,30 @@ impl Node<ArrayRangeExpression> {
                 StatementKind::Expression,
             )
             .await?;
-        let start = start.as_int().ok_or(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+        let (start, start_ty) = start_val.as_int_with_ty().ok_or(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
             source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
-            message: format!("Expected int but found {}", start.human_friendly_type()),
+            message: format!("Expected int but found {}", start_val.human_friendly_type()),
         }))?;
         let metadata = Metadata::from(&self.end_element);
-        let end = ctx
+        let end_val = ctx
             .execute_expr(&self.end_element, exec_state, &metadata, &[], StatementKind::Expression)
             .await?;
-        let end = end.as_int().ok_or(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+        let (end, end_ty) = end_val.as_int_with_ty().ok_or(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
             source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
-            message: format!("Expected int but found {}", end.human_friendly_type()),
+            message: format!("Expected int but found {}", end_val.human_friendly_type()),
         }))?;
 
+        if start_ty != end_ty {
+            let start = start_val.as_ty_f64().unwrap_or(TyF64 { n: 0.0, ty: start_ty });
+            let start = fmt::human_display_number(start.n, start.ty);
+            let end = end_val.as_ty_f64().unwrap_or(TyF64 { n: 0.0, ty: end_ty });
+            let end = fmt::human_display_number(end.n, end.ty);
+            return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+                source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
+                message: format!("Range start and end must be of the same type, but found {start} and {end}"),
+            }));
+        }
+
         if end < start {
             return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
                 source_ranges: vec![self.into()],
@@ -1644,16 +1661,17 @@ impl Node<ArrayRangeExpression> {
         let meta = vec![Metadata {
             source_range: self.into(),
         }];
-        Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
+
+        Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
             value: range
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|num| KclValue::Number {
                     value: num as f64,
-                    ty: NumericType::count(),
+                    ty: start_ty.clone(),
                     meta: meta.clone(),
                 })
                 .collect(),
-            meta,
+            ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(start_ty)),
         })
     }
 }
@@ -1868,7 +1886,7 @@ fn type_check_params_kw(
                     arg.value = arg
                         .value
                         .coerce(
-                            &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range).unwrap(),
+                            &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range).map_err(|e| KclError::Semantic(e.into()))?,
                             exec_state,
                         )
                         .map_err(|e| {
@@ -1946,7 +1964,8 @@ fn type_check_params_kw(
                 arg.value = arg
                     .value
                     .coerce(
-                        &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range).unwrap(),
+                        &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range)
+                            .map_err(|e| KclError::Semantic(e.into()))?,
                         exec_state,
                     )
                     .map_err(|_| {
@@ -2125,7 +2144,8 @@ impl FunctionSource {
                             arg.value = arg
                                 .value
                                 .coerce(
-                                    &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range).unwrap(),
+                                    &RuntimeType::from_parsed(ty.inner.clone(), exec_state, arg.source_range)
+                                        .map_err(|e| KclError::Semantic(e.into()))?,
                                     exec_state,
                                 )
                                 .map_err(|_| {
@@ -2235,9 +2255,10 @@ mod test {
 
     use super::*;
     use crate::{
+        exec::UnitType,
         execution::{memory::Stack, parse_execute, ContextType},
         parsing::ast::types::{DefaultParamVal, Identifier, Parameter},
-        ExecutorSettings,
+        ExecutorSettings, UnitLen,
     };
 
     #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
@@ -2391,6 +2412,7 @@ p = {
   yAxis = { x = 0, y = 1, z = 0 },
   zAxis = { x = 0, y = 0, z = 1 }
 }: Plane
+arr1 = [42]: [number(cm)]
 "#;
 
         let result = parse_execute(program).await.unwrap();
@@ -2401,6 +2423,24 @@ p = {
                 .unwrap(),
             KclValue::Plane { .. }
         ));
+        let arr1 = mem
+            .memory
+            .get_from("arr1", result.mem_env, SourceRange::default(), 0)
+            .unwrap();
+        if let KclValue::HomArray { value, ty } = arr1 {
+            assert_eq!(value.len(), 1, "Expected Vec with specific length: found {:?}", value);
+            assert_eq!(*ty, RuntimeType::known_length(UnitLen::Cm));
+            // Compare, ignoring meta.
+            if let KclValue::Number { value, ty, .. } = &value[0] {
+                // Converted from mm to cm.
+                assert_eq!(*value, 4.2);
+                assert_eq!(*ty, NumericType::Known(UnitType::Length(UnitLen::Cm)));
+            } else {
+                panic!("Expected a number; found {:?}", value[0]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            panic!("Expected HomArray; found {arr1:?}");
+        }
 
         let program = r#"
 a = 42: string
@@ -2419,6 +2459,28 @@ a = 42: Plane
             .unwrap_err()
             .to_string()
             .contains("could not coerce number value to type Plane"));
+
+        let program = r#"
+arr = [0]: [string]
+"#;
+        let result = parse_execute(program).await;
+        let err = result.unwrap_err();
+        assert!(
+            err.to_string()
+                .contains("could not coerce array (list) value to type [string]"),
+            "Expected error but found {err:?}"
+        );
+
+        let program = r#"
+mixedArr = [0, "a"]: [number(mm)]
+"#;
+        let result = parse_execute(program).await;
+        let err = result.unwrap_err();
+        assert!(
+            err.to_string()
+                .contains("could not coerce array (list) value to type [number(mm)]"),
+            "Expected error but found {err:?}"
+        );
     }
 
     #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
@@ -2638,4 +2700,19 @@ sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
 
         parse_execute(ast).await.unwrap();
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn ascription_in_binop() {
+        let ast = r#"foo = tan(0): number(rad) - 4deg"#;
+        parse_execute(ast).await.unwrap();
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn neg_sqrt() {
+        let ast = r#"bad = sqrt(-2)"#;
+
+        let e = parse_execute(ast).await.unwrap_err();
+        // Make sure we get a useful error message and not an engine error.
+        assert!(e.message().contains("sqrt"), "Error message: '{}'", e.message());
+    }
 }

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/geometry.rs

@@ -1239,6 +1239,20 @@ impl Path {
         [TyF64::new(p[0], ty.clone()), TyF64::new(p[1], ty)]
     }
 
+    /// The path segment start point and its type.
+    pub fn start_point_components(&self) -> ([f64; 2], NumericType) {
+        let p = &self.get_base().from;
+        let ty: NumericType = self.get_base().units.into();
+        (*p, ty)
+    }
+
+    /// The path segment end point and its type.
+    pub fn end_point_components(&self) -> ([f64; 2], NumericType) {
+        let p = &self.get_base().to;
+        let ty: NumericType = self.get_base().units.into();
+        (*p, ty)
+    }
+
     /// Length of this path segment, in cartesian plane.
     pub fn length(&self) -> TyF64 {
         let n = match self {

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/kcl_value.rs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub enum KclValue {
         #[serde(skip)]
         meta: Vec<Metadata>,
     },
-    MixedArray {
+    Tuple {
         value: Vec<KclValue>,
         #[serde(skip)]
         meta: Vec<Metadata>,
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ impl From<KclValue> for Vec<SourceRange> {
             KclValue::Bool { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
             KclValue::Number { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
             KclValue::String { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
-            KclValue::MixedArray { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
+            KclValue::Tuple { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
             KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => value.iter().flat_map(Into::<Vec<SourceRange>>::into).collect(),
             KclValue::Object { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
             KclValue::Module { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(&meta),
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ impl From<&KclValue> for Vec<SourceRange> {
             KclValue::Number { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
             KclValue::String { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
             KclValue::Uuid { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
-            KclValue::MixedArray { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
+            KclValue::Tuple { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
             KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => value.iter().flat_map(Into::<Vec<SourceRange>>::into).collect(),
             KclValue::Object { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
             KclValue::Module { meta, .. } => to_vec_sr(meta),
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ impl KclValue {
             KclValue::Bool { value: _, meta } => meta.clone(),
             KclValue::Number { meta, .. } => meta.clone(),
             KclValue::String { value: _, meta } => meta.clone(),
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value: _, meta } => meta.clone(),
+            KclValue::Tuple { value: _, meta } => meta.clone(),
             KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => value.iter().flat_map(|v| v.metadata()).collect(),
             KclValue::Object { value: _, meta } => meta.clone(),
             KclValue::TagIdentifier(x) => x.meta.clone(),
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ impl KclValue {
             } => "number(Angle)",
             KclValue::Number { .. } => "number",
             KclValue::String { .. } => "string (text)",
-            KclValue::MixedArray { .. } => "mixed array (list)",
+            KclValue::Tuple { .. } => "tuple (list)",
             KclValue::HomArray { .. } => "array (list)",
             KclValue::Object { .. } => "object",
             KclValue::Module { .. } => "module",
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ impl KclValue {
 
     /// Put the point into a KCL value.
     pub fn from_point2d(p: [f64; 2], ty: NumericType, meta: Vec<Metadata>) -> Self {
-        Self::MixedArray {
+        Self::Tuple {
             value: vec![
                 Self::Number {
                     value: p[0],
@@ -404,6 +404,13 @@ impl KclValue {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn as_int_with_ty(&self) -> Option<(i64, NumericType)> {
+        match self {
+            KclValue::Number { value, ty, .. } => crate::try_f64_to_i64(*value).map(|i| (i, ty.clone())),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn as_object(&self) -> Option<&KclObjectFields> {
         if let KclValue::Object { value, meta: _ } = &self {
             Some(value)
@@ -430,7 +437,7 @@ impl KclValue {
 
     pub fn as_array(&self) -> Option<&[KclValue]> {
         match self {
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => Some(value),
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => Some(value),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
@@ -602,7 +609,7 @@ impl KclValue {
             KclValue::TagDeclarator(tag) => Some(format!("${}", tag.name)),
             KclValue::TagIdentifier(tag) => Some(format!("${}", tag.value)),
             // TODO better Array and Object stringification
-            KclValue::MixedArray { .. } => Some("[...]".to_owned()),
+            KclValue::Tuple { .. } => Some("[...]".to_owned()),
             KclValue::HomArray { .. } => Some("[...]".to_owned()),
             KclValue::Object { .. } => Some("{ ... }".to_owned()),
             KclValue::Module { .. }

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/mod.rs

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ pub mod typed_path;
 pub(crate) mod types;
 
 /// Outcome of executing a program.  This is used in TS.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, ts_rs::TS)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, ts_rs::TS, PartialEq)]
 #[ts(export)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct ExecOutcome {
@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
         let (ws, _headers) = client
             .modeling()
             .commands_ws(
+                None,
                 None,
                 None,
                 if settings.enable_ssao {
@@ -653,14 +654,22 @@ impl ExecutorContext {
                         keys.sort();
                         for key in keys {
                             let (_, id, _, _) = &new_universe[key];
-                            let old_source = old_state.get_source(*id);
-                            let new_source = new_exec_state.get_source(*id);
-                            if old_source != new_source {
-                                clear_scene = true;
-                                break;
+                            if let (Some(source0), Some(source1)) =
+                                (old_state.get_source(*id), new_exec_state.get_source(*id))
+                            {
+                                if source0.source != source1.source {
+                                    clear_scene = true;
+                                    break;
+                                }
                             }
                         }
 
+                        if !clear_scene {
+                            // Return early we don't need to clear the scene.
+                            let outcome = old_state.to_exec_outcome(result_env).await;
+                            return Ok(outcome);
+                        }
+
                         (
                             clear_scene,
                             crate::Program {
@@ -1932,7 +1941,7 @@ a = []
 notArray = !a";
         assert_eq!(
             parse_execute(code5).await.unwrap_err().message(),
-            "Cannot apply unary operator ! to non-boolean value: mixed array (list)",
+            "Cannot apply unary operator ! to non-boolean value: array (list)",
         );
 
         let code6 = "
@@ -2244,7 +2253,7 @@ w = f() + f()
     |> line(end = [0, 0])
     |> close()
 }
-  
+
 sketch = startSketchOn(XY)
   |> startProfile(at = [0,0])
   |> line(end = [0, 10])

rust/kcl-lib/src/execution/types.rs

@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ pub enum RuntimeType {
 }
 
 impl RuntimeType {
+    pub fn any() -> Self {
+        RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any)
+    }
+
     pub fn edge() -> Self {
         RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Edge)
     }
@@ -72,6 +76,10 @@ impl RuntimeType {
         RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Tag)
     }
 
+    pub fn tag_identifier() -> Self {
+        RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::TagId)
+    }
+
     pub fn bool() -> Self {
         RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Boolean)
     }
@@ -162,13 +170,20 @@ impl RuntimeType {
         source_range: SourceRange,
     ) -> Result<Self, CompilationError> {
         Ok(match value {
+            AstPrimitiveType::Any => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any),
             AstPrimitiveType::String => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::String),
             AstPrimitiveType::Boolean => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Boolean),
-            AstPrimitiveType::Number(suffix) => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(
-                NumericType::from_parsed(suffix, &exec_state.mod_local.settings),
-            )),
+            AstPrimitiveType::Number(suffix) => {
+                let ty = match suffix {
+                    NumericSuffix::None => NumericType::Any,
+                    _ => NumericType::from_parsed(suffix, &exec_state.mod_local.settings),
+                };
+                RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(ty))
+            }
             AstPrimitiveType::Named(name) => Self::from_alias(&name.name, exec_state, source_range)?,
             AstPrimitiveType::Tag => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Tag),
+            AstPrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry),
+            AstPrimitiveType::Function => RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Function),
         })
     }
 
@@ -203,7 +218,7 @@ impl RuntimeType {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                 .join(" or "),
             RuntimeType::Tuple(tys) => format!(
-                "an array with values of types ({})",
+                "a tuple with values of types ({})",
                 tys.iter().map(Self::human_friendly_type).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", ")
             ),
             RuntimeType::Object(_) => format!("an object with fields {}", self),
@@ -215,6 +230,7 @@ impl RuntimeType {
         use RuntimeType::*;
 
         match (self, sup) {
+            (_, Primitive(PrimitiveType::Any)) => true,
             (Primitive(t1), Primitive(t2)) => t1.subtype(t2),
             (Array(t1, l1), Array(t2, l2)) => t1.subtype(t2) && l1.subtype(*l2),
             (Tuple(t1), Tuple(t2)) => t1.len() == t2.len() && t1.iter().zip(t2).all(|(t1, t2)| t1.subtype(t2)),
@@ -265,7 +281,7 @@ impl RuntimeType {
                 .map(|t| t.display_multiple())
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                 .join(" or "),
-            RuntimeType::Tuple(_) => "arrays".to_owned(),
+            RuntimeType::Tuple(_) => "tuples".to_owned(),
             RuntimeType::Object(_) => format!("objects with fields {self}"),
         }
     }
@@ -282,7 +298,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for RuntimeType {
             },
             RuntimeType::Tuple(ts) => write!(
                 f,
-                "[{}]",
+                "({})",
                 ts.iter().map(|t| t.to_string()).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", ")
             ),
             RuntimeType::Union(ts) => write!(
@@ -333,10 +349,13 @@ impl ArrayLen {
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub enum PrimitiveType {
+    Any,
     Number(NumericType),
     String,
     Boolean,
     Tag,
+    // Annoyingly some functions only want a TagIdentifier, not any kind of tag.
+    TagId,
     Sketch,
     Solid,
     Plane,
@@ -346,11 +365,13 @@ pub enum PrimitiveType {
     Axis2d,
     Axis3d,
     ImportedGeometry,
+    Function,
 }
 
 impl PrimitiveType {
     fn display_multiple(&self) -> String {
         match self {
+            PrimitiveType::Any => "any values".to_owned(),
             PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::Known(unit)) => format!("numbers({unit})"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(_) => "numbers".to_owned(),
             PrimitiveType::String => "strings".to_owned(),
@@ -364,13 +385,17 @@ impl PrimitiveType {
             PrimitiveType::Axis2d => "2d axes".to_owned(),
             PrimitiveType::Axis3d => "3d axes".to_owned(),
             PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry => "imported geometries".to_owned(),
+            PrimitiveType::Function => "functions".to_owned(),
             PrimitiveType::Tag => "tags".to_owned(),
+            PrimitiveType::TagId => "tag identifiers".to_owned(),
         }
     }
 
     fn subtype(&self, other: &PrimitiveType) -> bool {
         match (self, other) {
+            (_, PrimitiveType::Any) => true,
             (PrimitiveType::Number(n1), PrimitiveType::Number(n2)) => n1.subtype(n2),
+            (PrimitiveType::TagId, PrimitiveType::Tag) => true,
             (t1, t2) => t1 == t2,
         }
     }
@@ -379,6 +404,7 @@ impl PrimitiveType {
 impl fmt::Display for PrimitiveType {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match self {
+            PrimitiveType::Any => write!(f, "any"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::Known(unit)) => write!(f, "number({unit})"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::Unknown) => write!(f, "number(unknown units)"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::Default { .. }) => write!(f, "number(default units)"),
@@ -386,6 +412,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for PrimitiveType {
             PrimitiveType::String => write!(f, "string"),
             PrimitiveType::Boolean => write!(f, "bool"),
             PrimitiveType::Tag => write!(f, "tag"),
+            PrimitiveType::TagId => write!(f, "tag identifier"),
             PrimitiveType::Sketch => write!(f, "Sketch"),
             PrimitiveType::Solid => write!(f, "Solid"),
             PrimitiveType::Plane => write!(f, "Plane"),
@@ -395,6 +422,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for PrimitiveType {
             PrimitiveType::Axis3d => write!(f, "Axis3d"),
             PrimitiveType::Helix => write!(f, "Helix"),
             PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry => write!(f, "imported geometry"),
+            PrimitiveType::Function => write!(f, "function"),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -663,6 +691,7 @@ impl NumericType {
             // We don't have enough information to coerce.
             (Unknown, _) => Err(CoercionError::from(val).with_explicit(self.example_ty().unwrap_or("mm".to_owned()))),
             (_, Unknown) => Err(val.into()),
+
             (Any, _) => Ok(KclValue::Number {
                 value: *value,
                 ty: self.clone(),
@@ -994,9 +1023,9 @@ impl KclValue {
         self_ty.subtype(ty)
     }
 
-    /// Coerce `self` to a new value which has `ty` as it's closest supertype.
+    /// Coerce `self` to a new value which has `ty` as its closest supertype.
     ///
-    /// If the result is Some, then:
+    /// If the result is Ok, then:
     ///   - result.principal_type().unwrap().subtype(ty)
     ///
     /// If self.principal_type() == ty then result == self
@@ -1016,10 +1045,11 @@ impl KclValue {
         exec_state: &mut ExecState,
     ) -> Result<KclValue, CoercionError> {
         let value = match self {
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } if value.len() == 1 => &value[0],
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } if value.len() == 1 => &value[0],
             _ => self,
         };
         match ty {
+            PrimitiveType::Any => Ok(value.clone()),
             PrimitiveType::Number(ty) => ty.coerce(value),
             PrimitiveType::String => match value {
                 KclValue::String { .. } => Ok(value.clone()),
@@ -1159,6 +1189,14 @@ impl KclValue {
                 KclValue::ImportedGeometry { .. } => Ok(value.clone()),
                 _ => Err(self.into()),
             },
+            PrimitiveType::Function => match value {
+                KclValue::Function { .. } => Ok(value.clone()),
+                _ => Err(self.into()),
+            },
+            PrimitiveType::TagId => match value {
+                KclValue::TagIdentifier { .. } => Ok(value.clone()),
+                _ => Err(self.into()),
+            },
             PrimitiveType::Tag => match value {
                 KclValue::TagDeclarator { .. } | KclValue::TagIdentifier { .. } | KclValue::Uuid { .. } => {
                     Ok(value.clone())
@@ -1178,41 +1216,49 @@ impl KclValue {
         exec_state: &mut ExecState,
         allow_shrink: bool,
     ) -> Result<KclValue, CoercionError> {
-        if len.satisfied(1, false).is_some() && self.has_type(ty) {
-            return Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
-                value: vec![self.clone()],
-                ty: ty.clone(),
-            });
-        }
         match self {
-            KclValue::HomArray { value, ty: aty } => {
+            KclValue::HomArray { value, ty: aty, .. } => {
+                let satisfied_len = len.satisfied(value.len(), allow_shrink);
+
                 if aty.subtype(ty) {
-                    len.satisfied(value.len(), allow_shrink)
+                    // If the element type is a subtype of the target type and
+                    // the length constraint is satisfied, we can just return
+                    // the values unchanged, only adjusting the length. The new
+                    // array element type should preserve its type because the
+                    // target type oftentimes includes an unknown type as a way
+                    // to say that the caller doesn't care.
+                    return satisfied_len
                         .map(|len| KclValue::HomArray {
                             value: value[..len].to_vec(),
                             ty: aty.clone(),
                         })
-                        .ok_or(self.into())
-                } else {
-                    Err(self.into())
+                        .ok_or(self.into());
                 }
-            }
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } => {
-                // Check if we have a nested homogeneous array that we can flatten.
+
+                // Ignore the array type, and coerce the elements of the array.
+                if let Some(satisfied_len) = satisfied_len {
+                    let value_result = value
+                        .iter()
+                        .take(satisfied_len)
+                        .map(|v| v.coerce(ty, exec_state))
+                        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>();
+
+                    if let Ok(value) = value_result {
+                        // We were able to coerce all the elements.
+                        return Ok(KclValue::HomArray { value, ty: ty.clone() });
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // As a last resort, try to flatten the array.
                 let mut values = Vec::new();
                 for item in value {
-                    if let KclValue::HomArray {
-                        ty: inner_ty,
-                        value: inner_value,
-                    } = item
-                    {
-                        if inner_ty.subtype(ty) {
-                            values.extend(inner_value.iter().cloned());
-                        } else {
-                            values.push(item.clone());
+                    if let KclValue::HomArray { value: inner_value, .. } = item {
+                        // Flatten elements.
+                        for item in inner_value {
+                            values.push(item.coerce(ty, exec_state)?);
                         }
                     } else {
-                        values.push(item.clone());
+                        values.push(item.coerce(ty, exec_state)?);
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -1220,9 +1266,22 @@ impl KclValue {
                     .satisfied(values.len(), allow_shrink)
                     .ok_or(CoercionError::from(self))?;
 
-                let value = values[..len]
+                assert!(len <= values.len());
+                values.truncate(len);
+
+                Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
+                    value: values,
+                    ty: ty.clone(),
+                })
+            }
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } => {
+                let len = len
+                    .satisfied(value.len(), allow_shrink)
+                    .ok_or(CoercionError::from(self))?;
+                let value = value
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|v| v.coerce(ty, exec_state))
+                    .map(|item| item.coerce(ty, exec_state))
+                    .take(len)
                     .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
 
                 Ok(KclValue::HomArray { value, ty: ty.clone() })
@@ -1231,28 +1290,32 @@ impl KclValue {
                 value: Vec::new(),
                 ty: ty.clone(),
             }),
+            _ if len.satisfied(1, false).is_some() => Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
+                value: vec![self.coerce(ty, exec_state)?],
+                ty: ty.clone(),
+            }),
             _ => Err(self.into()),
         }
     }
 
     fn coerce_to_tuple_type(&self, tys: &[RuntimeType], exec_state: &mut ExecState) -> Result<KclValue, CoercionError> {
         match self {
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } if value.len() == tys.len() => {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } if value.len() == tys.len() => {
                 let mut result = Vec::new();
                 for (i, t) in tys.iter().enumerate() {
                     result.push(value[i].coerce(t, exec_state)?);
                 }
 
-                Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
+                Ok(KclValue::Tuple {
                     value: result,
                     meta: Vec::new(),
                 })
             }
-            KclValue::KclNone { meta, .. } if tys.is_empty() => Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
+            KclValue::KclNone { meta, .. } if tys.is_empty() => Ok(KclValue::Tuple {
                 value: Vec::new(),
                 meta: meta.clone(),
             }),
-            value if tys.len() == 1 && value.has_type(&tys[0]) => Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
+            value if tys.len() == 1 && value.has_type(&tys[0]) => Ok(KclValue::Tuple {
                 value: vec![value.clone()],
                 meta: Vec::new(),
             }),
@@ -1312,18 +1375,16 @@ impl KclValue {
             KclValue::Face { .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Face)),
             KclValue::Helix { .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Helix)),
             KclValue::ImportedGeometry(..) => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry)),
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Tuple(
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Tuple(
                 value.iter().map(|v| v.principal_type()).collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?,
             )),
             KclValue::HomArray { ty, value, .. } => {
                 Some(RuntimeType::Array(Box::new(ty.clone()), ArrayLen::Known(value.len())))
             }
-            KclValue::TagIdentifier(_) | KclValue::TagDeclarator(_) | KclValue::Uuid { .. } => {
-                Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Tag))
-            }
-            KclValue::Function { .. } | KclValue::Module { .. } | KclValue::KclNone { .. } | KclValue::Type { .. } => {
-                None
-            }
+            KclValue::TagIdentifier(_) => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::TagId)),
+            KclValue::TagDeclarator(_) | KclValue::Uuid { .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Tag)),
+            KclValue::Function { .. } => Some(RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Function)),
+            KclValue::Module { .. } | KclValue::KclNone { .. } | KclValue::Type { .. } => None,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1348,7 +1409,7 @@ mod test {
                 value: "hello".to_owned(),
                 meta: Vec::new(),
             },
-            KclValue::MixedArray {
+            KclValue::Tuple {
                 value: Vec::new(),
                 meta: Vec::new(),
             },
@@ -1417,45 +1478,67 @@ mod test {
             let aty1 = RuntimeType::Array(Box::new(ty.clone()), ArrayLen::Known(1));
             let aty0 = RuntimeType::Array(Box::new(ty.clone()), ArrayLen::NonEmpty);
 
-            assert_coerce_results(
-                v,
-                &aty,
-                &KclValue::HomArray {
-                    value: vec![v.clone()],
-                    ty: ty.clone(),
-                },
-                &mut exec_state,
-            );
-            assert_coerce_results(
-                v,
-                &aty1,
-                &KclValue::HomArray {
-                    value: vec![v.clone()],
-                    ty: ty.clone(),
-                },
-                &mut exec_state,
-            );
-            assert_coerce_results(
-                v,
-                &aty0,
-                &KclValue::HomArray {
-                    value: vec![v.clone()],
-                    ty: ty.clone(),
-                },
-                &mut exec_state,
-            );
+            match v {
+                KclValue::Tuple { .. } | KclValue::HomArray { .. } => {
+                    // These will not get wrapped if possible.
+                    assert_coerce_results(
+                        v,
+                        &aty,
+                        &KclValue::HomArray {
+                            value: vec![],
+                            ty: ty.clone(),
+                        },
+                        &mut exec_state,
+                    );
+                    // Coercing an empty tuple or array to an array of length 1
+                    // should fail.
+                    v.coerce(&aty1, &mut exec_state).unwrap_err();
+                    // Coercing an empty tuple or array to an array that's
+                    // non-empty should fail.
+                    v.coerce(&aty0, &mut exec_state).unwrap_err();
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    assert_coerce_results(
+                        v,
+                        &aty,
+                        &KclValue::HomArray {
+                            value: vec![v.clone()],
+                            ty: ty.clone(),
+                        },
+                        &mut exec_state,
+                    );
+                    assert_coerce_results(
+                        v,
+                        &aty1,
+                        &KclValue::HomArray {
+                            value: vec![v.clone()],
+                            ty: ty.clone(),
+                        },
+                        &mut exec_state,
+                    );
+                    assert_coerce_results(
+                        v,
+                        &aty0,
+                        &KclValue::HomArray {
+                            value: vec![v.clone()],
+                            ty: ty.clone(),
+                        },
+                        &mut exec_state,
+                    );
 
-            // Tuple subtype
-            let tty = RuntimeType::Tuple(vec![ty.clone()]);
-            assert_coerce_results(
-                v,
-                &tty,
-                &KclValue::MixedArray {
-                    value: vec![v.clone()],
-                    meta: Vec::new(),
-                },
-                &mut exec_state,
-            );
+                    // Tuple subtype
+                    let tty = RuntimeType::Tuple(vec![ty.clone()]);
+                    assert_coerce_results(
+                        v,
+                        &tty,
+                        &KclValue::Tuple {
+                            value: vec![v.clone()],
+                            meta: Vec::new(),
+                        },
+                        &mut exec_state,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         for v in &values[1..] {
@@ -1503,7 +1586,7 @@ mod test {
         assert_coerce_results(
             &none,
             &tty,
-            &KclValue::MixedArray {
+            &KclValue::Tuple {
                 value: Vec::new(),
                 meta: Vec::new(),
             },
@@ -1634,7 +1717,7 @@ mod test {
             ],
             ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::count())),
         };
-        let mixed1 = KclValue::MixedArray {
+        let mixed1 = KclValue::Tuple {
             value: vec![
                 KclValue::Number {
                     value: 0.0,
@@ -1649,7 +1732,7 @@ mod test {
             ],
             meta: Vec::new(),
         };
-        let mixed2 = KclValue::MixedArray {
+        let mixed2 = KclValue::Tuple {
             value: vec![
                 KclValue::Number {
                     value: 0.0,
@@ -1739,7 +1822,7 @@ mod test {
             ],
             ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::count())),
         };
-        let mixed0 = KclValue::MixedArray {
+        let mixed0 = KclValue::Tuple {
             value: vec![],
             meta: Vec::new(),
         };
@@ -2156,7 +2239,7 @@ d = cos(30)
     async fn coerce_nested_array() {
         let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&crate::ExecutorContext::new_mock().await);
 
-        let mixed1 = KclValue::MixedArray {
+        let mixed1 = KclValue::HomArray {
             value: vec![
                 KclValue::Number {
                     value: 0.0,
@@ -2184,7 +2267,7 @@ d = cos(30)
                     ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::count())),
                 },
             ],
-            meta: Vec::new(),
+            ty: RuntimeType::any(),
         };
 
         // Principal types

rust/kcl-lib/src/lsp/kcl/hover.rs

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
                 unary_expression.get_hover_value_for_position(pos, code, opts)
             }
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.get_hover_value_for_position(pos, code, opts),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.expr.get_hover_value_for_position(pos, code, opts),
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => {
                 member_expression.get_hover_value_for_position(pos, code, opts)
             }

rust/kcl-lib/src/parsing/ast/digest.rs

@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(ue) => ue.compute_digest(),
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(me) => me.compute_digest(),
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.compute_digest(),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.compute_digest(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -225,11 +226,14 @@ impl PrimitiveType {
     pub fn compute_digest(&mut self) -> Digest {
         let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
         match self {
+            PrimitiveType::Any => hasher.update(b"any"),
             PrimitiveType::Named(id) => hasher.update(id.compute_digest()),
             PrimitiveType::String => hasher.update(b"string"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(suffix) => hasher.update(suffix.digestable_id()),
             PrimitiveType::Boolean => hasher.update(b"bool"),
             PrimitiveType::Tag => hasher.update(b"tag"),
+            PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry => hasher.update(b"ImportedGeometry"),
+            PrimitiveType::Function => hasher.update(b"Fn"),
         }
 
         hasher.finalize().into()

rust/kcl-lib/src/parsing/ast/mod.rs

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.module_id,
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.module_id,
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.module_id,
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.module_id,
         }
     }
 }

rust/kcl-lib/src/parsing/ast/types/mod.rs

@@ -1215,6 +1215,7 @@ impl From<&BinaryPart> for Expr {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => Expr::UnaryExpression(unary_expression.clone()),
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => Expr::MemberExpression(member_expression.clone()),
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => Expr::IfExpression(e.clone()),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => Expr::AscribedExpression(e.clone()),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1281,6 +1282,7 @@ pub enum BinaryPart {
     UnaryExpression(BoxNode<UnaryExpression>),
     MemberExpression(BoxNode<MemberExpression>),
     IfExpression(BoxNode<IfExpression>),
+    AscribedExpression(BoxNode<AscribedExpression>),
 }
 
 impl From<BinaryPart> for SourceRange {
@@ -1306,6 +1308,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.get_constraint_level(),
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.get_constraint_level(),
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.get_constraint_level(),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.expr.get_constraint_level(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1324,6 +1327,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             }
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(_) => {}
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.replace_value(source_range, new_value),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.expr.replace_value(source_range, new_value),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1336,6 +1340,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.start,
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.start,
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.start,
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.start,
         }
     }
 
@@ -1348,6 +1353,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.end,
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.end,
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.end,
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.end,
         }
     }
 
@@ -1369,6 +1375,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
                 member_expression.rename_identifiers(old_name, new_name)
             }
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(ref mut if_expression) => if_expression.rename_identifiers(old_name, new_name),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(ref mut e) => e.expr.rename_identifiers(old_name, new_name),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -3179,6 +3186,8 @@ impl PipeExpression {
 #[ts(export)]
 #[serde(tag = "p_type")]
 pub enum PrimitiveType {
+    /// The super type of all other types.
+    Any,
     /// A string type.
     String,
     /// A number type.
@@ -3188,6 +3197,10 @@ pub enum PrimitiveType {
     Boolean,
     /// A tag.
     Tag,
+    /// Imported from other CAD system.
+    ImportedGeometry,
+    /// `Fn`, type of functions.
+    Function,
     /// An identifier used as a type (not really a primitive type, but whatever).
     Named(Node<Identifier>),
 }
@@ -3195,11 +3208,14 @@ pub enum PrimitiveType {
 impl PrimitiveType {
     pub fn primitive_from_str(s: &str, suffix: Option<NumericSuffix>) -> Option<Self> {
         match (s, suffix) {
+            ("any", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::Any),
             ("string", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::String),
             ("bool", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::Boolean),
             ("tag", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::Tag),
             ("number", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::Number(NumericSuffix::None)),
             ("number", Some(s)) => Some(PrimitiveType::Number(s)),
+            ("ImportedGeometry", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry),
+            ("Fn", None) => Some(PrimitiveType::Function),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
@@ -3208,6 +3224,7 @@ impl PrimitiveType {
 impl fmt::Display for PrimitiveType {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match self {
+            PrimitiveType::Any => write!(f, "any"),
             PrimitiveType::Number(suffix) => {
                 write!(f, "number")?;
                 if *suffix != NumericSuffix::None {
@@ -3218,6 +3235,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for PrimitiveType {
             PrimitiveType::String => write!(f, "string"),
             PrimitiveType::Boolean => write!(f, "bool"),
             PrimitiveType::Tag => write!(f, "tag"),
+            PrimitiveType::ImportedGeometry => write!(f, "ImportedGeometry"),
+            PrimitiveType::Function => write!(f, "Fn"),
             PrimitiveType::Named(n) => write!(f, "{}", n.name),
         }
     }

rust/kcl-lib/src/parsing/parser.rs

@@ -582,6 +582,26 @@ fn binary_operator(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<BinaryOperator> {
             "<=" => BinaryOperator::Lte,
             "|" => BinaryOperator::Or,
             "&" => BinaryOperator::And,
+            "||" => {
+                ParseContext::err(
+                    CompilationError::err(
+                        token.as_source_range(),
+                        "`||` is not an operator, did you mean to use `|`?",
+                    )
+                    .with_suggestion("Replace `||` with `|`", "|", None, Tag::None),
+                );
+                BinaryOperator::Or
+            }
+            "&&" => {
+                ParseContext::err(
+                    CompilationError::err(
+                        token.as_source_range(),
+                        "`&&` is not an operator, did you mean to use `&`?",
+                    )
+                    .with_suggestion("Replace `&&` with `&`", "&", None, Tag::None),
+                );
+                BinaryOperator::And
+            }
             _ => {
                 return Err(CompilationError::fatal(
                     token.as_source_range(),
@@ -611,8 +631,7 @@ fn operand(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<BinaryPart> {
                 | Expr::ArrayExpression(_)
                 | Expr::ArrayRangeExpression(_)
                 | Expr::ObjectExpression(_)
-                | Expr::LabelledExpression(..)
-                | Expr::AscribedExpression(..) => return Err(CompilationError::fatal(source_range, TODO_783)),
+                | Expr::LabelledExpression(..) => return Err(CompilationError::fatal(source_range, TODO_783)),
                 Expr::None(_) => {
                     return Err(CompilationError::fatal(
                         source_range,
@@ -638,6 +657,7 @@ fn operand(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<BinaryPart> {
                 Expr::CallExpressionKw(x) => BinaryPart::CallExpressionKw(x),
                 Expr::MemberExpression(x) => BinaryPart::MemberExpression(x),
                 Expr::IfExpression(x) => BinaryPart::IfExpression(x),
+                Expr::AscribedExpression(x) => BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(x),
             };
             Ok(expr)
         })
@@ -2048,7 +2068,7 @@ fn expr_allowed_in_pipe_expr(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<Expr> {
 }
 
 fn possible_operands(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<Expr> {
-    alt((
+    let mut expr = alt((
         unary_expression.map(Box::new).map(Expr::UnaryExpression),
         bool_value.map(Expr::Literal),
         member_expression.map(Box::new).map(Expr::MemberExpression),
@@ -2061,7 +2081,14 @@ fn possible_operands(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<Expr> {
     .context(expected(
         "a KCL value which can be used as an argument/operand to an operator",
     ))
-    .parse_next(i)
+    .parse_next(i)?;
+
+    let ty = opt((colon, opt(whitespace), argument_type)).parse_next(i)?;
+    if let Some((_, _, ty)) = ty {
+        expr = Expr::AscribedExpression(Box::new(AscribedExpression::new(expr, ty)))
+    }
+
+    Ok(expr)
 }
 
 /// Parse an item visibility specifier, e.g. export.
@@ -2730,9 +2757,9 @@ fn labeled_argument(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<LabeledArg> {
 
 /// A type of a function argument.
 /// This can be:
-/// - a primitive type, e.g. 'number' or 'string' or 'bool'
-/// - an array type, e.g. 'number[]' or 'string[]' or 'bool[]'
-/// - an object type, e.g. '{x: number, y: number}' or '{name: string, age: number}'
+/// - a primitive type, e.g. `number` or `string` or `bool`
+/// - an array type, e.g. `[number]` or `[string]` or `[bool]`
+/// - an object type, e.g. `{x: number, y: number}` or `{name: string, age: number}`
 fn argument_type(i: &mut TokenSlice) -> PResult<Node<Type>> {
     let type_ = alt((
         // Object types
@@ -4511,6 +4538,13 @@ export fn cos(num: number(rad)): number(_) {}"#;
         assert_eq!(errs.len(), 3, "found: {errs:#?}");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn error_double_and() {
+        let (_, errs) = assert_no_fatal("foo = true && false");
+        assert_eq!(errs.len(), 1, "found: {errs:#?}");
+        assert!(errs[0].message.contains("`&&`") && errs[0].message.contains("`&`") && errs[0].suggestion.is_some());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn error_type_ascription() {
         let (_, errs) = assert_no_fatal("a + b: number");

rust/kcl-lib/src/parsing/token/tokeniser.rs

@@ -34,14 +34,12 @@ lazy_static! {
         set.insert("true", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("false", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("nil", TokenType::Keyword);
-        // This isn't a type because brackets are used for the type.
-        set.insert("array", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("and", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("or", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("not", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("var", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("const", TokenType::Keyword);
-        // "import" is special because of import().
+        set.insert("import", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("export", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("type", TokenType::Keyword);
         set.insert("interface", TokenType::Keyword);
@@ -181,7 +179,7 @@ fn word(i: &mut Input<'_>) -> PResult<Token> {
 
 fn operator(i: &mut Input<'_>) -> PResult<Token> {
     let (value, range) = alt((
-        ">=", "<=", "==", "=>", "!=", "|>", "*", "+", "-", "/", "%", "=", "<", ">", r"\", "^", "|", "&",
+        ">=", "<=", "==", "=>", "!=", "|>", "*", "+", "-", "/", "%", "=", "<", ">", r"\", "^", "||", "&&", "|", "&",
     ))
     .with_span()
     .parse_next(i)?;

rust/kcl-lib/src/simulation_tests.rs

@@ -363,6 +363,27 @@ mod cube_with_error {
         super::execute(TEST_NAME, true).await
     }
 }
+mod any_type {
+    const TEST_NAME: &str = "any_type";
+
+    /// Test parsing KCL.
+    #[test]
+    fn parse() {
+        super::parse(TEST_NAME)
+    }
+
+    /// Test that parsing and unparsing KCL produces the original KCL input.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn unparse() {
+        super::unparse(TEST_NAME).await
+    }
+
+    /// Test that KCL is executed correctly.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn kcl_test_execute() {
+        super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
+    }
+}
 mod artifact_graph_example_code1 {
     const TEST_NAME: &str = "artifact_graph_example_code1";
 
@@ -573,6 +594,48 @@ mod array_range_negative_expr {
         super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
     }
 }
+mod array_range_with_units {
+    const TEST_NAME: &str = "array_range_with_units";
+
+    /// Test parsing KCL.
+    #[test]
+    fn parse() {
+        super::parse(TEST_NAME)
+    }
+
+    /// Test that parsing and unparsing KCL produces the original KCL input.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn unparse() {
+        super::unparse(TEST_NAME).await
+    }
+
+    /// Test that KCL is executed correctly.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn kcl_test_execute() {
+        super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
+    }
+}
+mod array_range_mismatch_units {
+    const TEST_NAME: &str = "array_range_mismatch_units";
+
+    /// Test parsing KCL.
+    #[test]
+    fn parse() {
+        super::parse(TEST_NAME)
+    }
+
+    /// Test that parsing and unparsing KCL produces the original KCL input.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn unparse() {
+        super::unparse(TEST_NAME).await
+    }
+
+    /// Test that KCL is executed correctly.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn kcl_test_execute() {
+        super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
+    }
+}
 mod sketch_in_object {
     const TEST_NAME: &str = "sketch_in_object";
 
@@ -1144,6 +1207,27 @@ mod array_elem_push_fail {
         super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
     }
 }
+mod array_push_item_wrong_type {
+    const TEST_NAME: &str = "array_push_item_wrong_type";
+
+    /// Test parsing KCL.
+    #[test]
+    fn parse() {
+        super::parse(TEST_NAME)
+    }
+
+    /// Test that parsing and unparsing KCL produces the original KCL input.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn unparse() {
+        super::unparse(TEST_NAME).await
+    }
+
+    /// Test that KCL is executed correctly.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn kcl_test_execute() {
+        super::execute(TEST_NAME, false).await
+    }
+}
 mod sketch_on_face {
     const TEST_NAME: &str = "sketch_on_face";
 

rust/kcl-lib/src/simulation_tests/kcl_samples.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::{
 use anyhow::Result;
 use fnv::FnvHashSet;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
 use super::Test;
 
@@ -250,19 +251,12 @@ fn get_kcl_metadata(project_path: &Path, files: &[String]) -> Option<KclMetadata
     let title = lines[0].trim_start_matches(COMMENT_PREFIX).trim().to_string();
     let description = lines[1].trim_start_matches(COMMENT_PREFIX).trim().to_string();
 
-    // Get the path components
-    let path_components: Vec<String> = full_path_to_primary_kcl
-        .components()
-        .map(|comp| comp.as_os_str().to_string_lossy().to_string())
-        .collect();
-
-    // Get the last two path components
-    let len = path_components.len();
-    let path_from_project_dir = if len >= 2 {
-        format!("{}/{}", path_components[len - 2], path_components[len - 1])
-    } else {
-        primary_kcl_file.clone()
-    };
+    // Get the relative path from the project directory to the primary KCL file
+    let path_from_project_dir = full_path_to_primary_kcl
+        .strip_prefix(INPUTS_DIR.as_path())
+        .unwrap_or(&full_path_to_primary_kcl)
+        .to_string_lossy()
+        .to_string();
 
     let mut files = files.to_vec();
     files.sort();
@@ -281,21 +275,23 @@ fn get_kcl_metadata(project_path: &Path, files: &[String]) -> Option<KclMetadata
 fn generate_kcl_manifest(dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
     let mut manifest = Vec::new();
 
-    // Collect all directory entries first and sort them by name for consistent ordering
-    let mut entries: Vec<_> = fs::read_dir(dir)?
-        .filter_map(Result::ok)
-        .filter(|e| e.path().is_dir())
+    // Collect all directory entries first
+    let mut entries: Vec<_> = WalkDir::new(dir)
+        .follow_links(true)
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
         .collect();
 
     // Sort directories by name for consistent ordering
-    entries.sort_by_key(|a| a.file_name());
+    entries.sort_by_key(|a| a.file_name().to_string_lossy().to_string());
 
+    // Loop through all directories and add to manifest if KCL sample
     for entry in entries {
-        let project_path = entry.path();
+        let path = entry.path();
 
-        if project_path.is_dir() {
+        if path.is_dir() {
             // Get all .kcl files in the directory
-            let files: Vec<String> = fs::read_dir(&project_path)?
+            let files: Vec<String> = fs::read_dir(path)?
                 .filter_map(Result::ok)
                 .filter(|e| {
                     if let Some(ext) = e.path().extension() {
@@ -311,7 +307,7 @@ fn generate_kcl_manifest(dir: &Path) -> Result<()> {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            if let Some(metadata) = get_kcl_metadata(&project_path, &files) {
+            if let Some(metadata) = get_kcl_metadata(path, &files) {
                 manifest.push(metadata);
             }
         }

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/args.rs

@@ -408,13 +408,10 @@ impl Args {
         })?;
 
         T::from_kcl_val(&arg).ok_or_else(|| {
-            KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+            KclError::Internal(KclErrorDetails {
                 source_ranges: vec![self.source_range],
-                message: format!(
-                    "This function expected the input argument to be {}",
-                    ty.human_friendly_type(),
-                ),
-            })
+                message: "Mismatch between type coercion and value extraction (this isn't your fault).\nTo assist in bug-reporting, expected type: {ty:?}; actual value: {arg:?}".to_owned(),
+           })
         })
     }
 
@@ -560,24 +557,23 @@ impl Args {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn make_user_val_from_point(&self, p: [TyF64; 2]) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    pub(crate) fn make_kcl_val_from_point(&self, p: [f64; 2], ty: NumericType) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
         let meta = Metadata {
             source_range: self.source_range,
         };
         let x = KclValue::Number {
-            value: p[0].n,
+            value: p[0],
             meta: vec![meta],
-            ty: p[0].ty.clone(),
+            ty: ty.clone(),
         };
         let y = KclValue::Number {
-            value: p[1].n,
+            value: p[1],
             meta: vec![meta],
-            ty: p[1].ty.clone(),
+            ty: ty.clone(),
         };
-        Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
-            value: vec![x, y],
-            meta: vec![meta],
-        })
+        let ty = RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(ty));
+
+        Ok(KclValue::HomArray { value: vec![x, y], ty })
     }
 
     pub(super) fn make_user_val_from_f64_with_type(&self, f: TyF64) -> KclValue {
@@ -799,7 +795,7 @@ impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for Vec<TagIdentifier> {
                 let tags = value.iter().map(|v| v.get_tag_identifier().unwrap()).collect();
                 Some(tags)
             }
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, .. } => {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } => {
                 let tags = value.iter().map(|v| v.get_tag_identifier().unwrap()).collect();
                 Some(tags)
             }
@@ -1139,8 +1135,11 @@ impl_from_kcl_for_vec!(TyF64);
 
 impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for SourceRange {
     fn from_kcl_val(arg: &'a KclValue) -> Option<Self> {
-        let KclValue::MixedArray { value, meta: _ } = arg else {
-            return None;
+        let value = match arg {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => value,
+            _ => {
+                return None;
+            }
         };
         if value.len() != 3 {
             return None;
@@ -1337,7 +1336,7 @@ impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for TyF64 {
 impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for [TyF64; 2] {
     fn from_kcl_val(arg: &'a KclValue) -> Option<Self> {
         match arg {
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, meta: _ } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, meta: _ } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
                 if value.len() != 2 {
                     return None;
                 }
@@ -1354,7 +1353,7 @@ impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for [TyF64; 2] {
 impl<'a> FromKclValue<'a> for [TyF64; 3] {
     fn from_kcl_val(arg: &'a KclValue) -> Option<Self> {
         match arg {
-            KclValue::MixedArray { value, meta: _ } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
+            KclValue::Tuple { value, meta: _ } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
                 if value.len() != 3 {
                     return None;
                 }

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/array.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use kcl_derive_docs::stdlib;
 
 use super::{
     args::{Arg, KwArgs},
@@ -9,6 +8,7 @@ use crate::{
     errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     execution::{
         kcl_value::{FunctionSource, KclValue},
+        types::RuntimeType,
         ExecState,
     },
     source_range::SourceRange,
@@ -19,51 +19,13 @@ use crate::{
 pub async fn map(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let array: Vec<KclValue> = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("array")?;
     let f: &FunctionSource = args.get_kw_arg("f")?;
-    let meta = vec![args.source_range.into()];
     let new_array = inner_map(array, f, exec_state, &args).await?;
-    Ok(KclValue::MixedArray { value: new_array, meta })
+    Ok(KclValue::HomArray {
+        value: new_array,
+        ty: RuntimeType::any(),
+    })
 }
 
-/// Apply a function to every element of a list.
-///
-/// Given a list like `[a, b, c]`, and a function like `f`, returns
-/// `[f(a), f(b), f(c)]`
-/// ```no_run
-/// r = 10 // radius
-/// fn drawCircle(@id) {
-///   return startSketchOn(XY)
-///     |> circle( center= [id * 2 * r, 0], radius= r)
-/// }
-///
-/// // Call `drawCircle`, passing in each element of the array.
-/// // The outputs from each `drawCircle` form a new array,
-/// // which is the return value from `map`.
-/// circles = map(
-///   [1..3],
-///   f = drawCircle
-/// )
-/// ```
-/// ```no_run
-/// r = 10 // radius
-/// // Call `map`, using an anonymous function instead of a named one.
-/// circles = map(
-///   [1..3],
-///   f = fn(@id) {
-///     return startSketchOn(XY)
-///       |> circle( center= [id * 2 * r, 0], radius= r)
-///   }
-/// )
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "map",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = true,
-    args = {
-        array = { docs = "Input array. The output array is this input array, but every element has had the function `f` run on it." },
-        f = { docs = "A function. The output array is just the input array, but `f` has been run on every item." },
-    },
-    tags = ["array"]
-}]
 async fn inner_map<'a>(
     array: Vec<KclValue>,
     f: &'a FunctionSource,
@@ -115,96 +77,6 @@ pub async fn reduce(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue,
     inner_reduce(array, initial, f, exec_state, &args).await
 }
 
-/// Take a starting value. Then, for each element of an array, calculate the next value,
-/// using the previous value and the element.
-/// ```no_run
-/// // This function adds two numbers.
-/// fn add(@a, accum) { return a + accum }
-///
-/// // This function adds an array of numbers.
-/// // It uses the `reduce` function, to call the `add` function on every
-/// // element of the `arr` parameter. The starting value is 0.
-/// fn sum(@arr) { return reduce(arr, initial = 0, f = add) }
-///
-/// /*
-/// The above is basically like this pseudo-code:
-/// fn sum(arr):
-///     sumSoFar = 0
-///     for i in arr:
-///         sumSoFar = add(i, sumSoFar)
-///     return sumSoFar
-/// */
-///
-/// // We use `assert` to check that our `sum` function gives the
-/// // expected result. It's good to check your work!
-/// assert(sum([1, 2, 3]), isEqualTo = 6, tolerance = 0.1, error = "1 + 2 + 3 summed is 6")
-/// ```
-/// ```no_run
-/// // This example works just like the previous example above, but it uses
-/// // an anonymous `add` function as its parameter, instead of declaring a
-/// // named function outside.
-/// arr = [1, 2, 3]
-/// sum = reduce(arr, initial = 0, f = fn (@i, accum) { return i + accum })
-///
-/// // We use `assert` to check that our `sum` function gives the
-/// // expected result. It's good to check your work!
-/// assert(sum, isEqualTo = 6, tolerance = 0.1, error = "1 + 2 + 3 summed is 6")
-/// ```
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Declare a function that sketches a decagon.
-/// fn decagon(@radius) {
-///   // Each side of the decagon is turned this many radians from the previous angle.
-///   stepAngle = ((1/10) * TAU): number(rad)
-///
-///   // Start the decagon sketch at this point.
-///   startOfDecagonSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
-///     |> startProfile(at = [(cos(0)*radius), (sin(0) * radius)])
-///
-///   // Use a `reduce` to draw the remaining decagon sides.
-///   // For each number in the array 1..10, run the given function,
-///   // which takes a partially-sketched decagon and adds one more edge to it.
-///   fullDecagon = reduce([1..10], initial = startOfDecagonSketch, f = fn(@i, accum) {
-///       // Draw one edge of the decagon.
-///       x = cos(stepAngle * i) * radius
-///       y = sin(stepAngle * i) * radius
-///       return line(accum, end = [x, y])
-///   })
-///
-///   return fullDecagon
-///
-/// }
-///
-/// /*
-/// The `decagon` above is basically like this pseudo-code:
-/// fn decagon(radius):
-///     stepAngle = ((1/10) * TAU): number(rad)
-///     plane = startSketchOn(XY)
-///     startOfDecagonSketch = startProfile(plane, at = [(cos(0)*radius), (sin(0) * radius)])
-///
-///     // Here's the reduce part.
-///     partialDecagon = startOfDecagonSketch
-///     for i in [1..10]:
-///         x = cos(stepAngle * i) * radius
-///         y = sin(stepAngle * i) * radius
-///         partialDecagon = line(partialDecagon, end = [x, y])
-///     fullDecagon = partialDecagon // it's now full
-///     return fullDecagon
-/// */
-///
-/// // Use the `decagon` function declared above, to sketch a decagon with radius 5.
-/// decagon(5.0) |> close()
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "reduce",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = true,
-    args = {
-        array = { docs = "Each element of this array gets run through the function `f`, combined with the previous output from `f`, and then used for the next run." },
-        initial = { docs = "The first time `f` is run, it will be called with the first item of `array` and this initial starting value."},
-        f = { docs = "Run once per item in the input `array`. This function takes an item from the array, and the previous output from `f` (or `initial` on the very first run). The final time `f` is run, its output is returned as the final output from `reduce`." },
-    },
-    tags = ["array"]
-}]
 async fn inner_reduce<'a>(
     array: Vec<KclValue>,
     initial: KclValue,
@@ -257,70 +129,52 @@ async fn call_reduce_closure(
     Ok(out)
 }
 
-/// Append an element to the end of an array.
-///
-/// Returns a new array with the element appended.
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// arr = [1, 2, 3]
-/// new_arr = push(arr, item = 4)
-/// assert(new_arr[3], isEqualTo = 4, tolerance = 0.1, error = "4 was added to the end of the array")
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "push",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = true,
-    args = {
-        array = { docs = "The array which you're adding a new item to." },
-        item = { docs = "The new item to add to the array" },
-    },
-    tags = ["array"]
-}]
-async fn inner_push(mut array: Vec<KclValue>, item: KclValue, args: &Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    array.push(item);
-    Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
-        value: array,
-        meta: vec![args.source_range.into()],
-    })
-}
-
 pub async fn push(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    // Extract the array and the element from the arguments
-    let val: KclValue = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("array")?;
-    let item = args.get_kw_arg("item")?;
+    let array = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("array")?;
+    let item: KclValue = args.get_kw_arg("item")?;
 
-    let meta = vec![args.source_range];
-    let KclValue::MixedArray { value: array, meta: _ } = val else {
-        let actual_type = val.human_friendly_type();
+    let KclValue::HomArray { value: values, ty } = array else {
+        let meta = vec![args.source_range];
+        let actual_type = array.human_friendly_type();
         return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
             source_ranges: meta,
             message: format!("You can't push to a value of type {actual_type}, only an array"),
         }));
     };
-    inner_push(array, item, &args).await
+    let ty = if item.has_type(&ty) {
+        ty
+    } else {
+        // The user pushed an item with a type that differs from the array's
+        // element type.
+        RuntimeType::any()
+    };
+
+    let new_array = inner_push(values, item);
+
+    Ok(KclValue::HomArray { value: new_array, ty })
 }
 
-/// Remove the last element from an array.
-///
-/// Returns a new array with the last element removed.
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
-/// new_arr = pop(arr)
-/// assert(new_arr[0], isEqualTo = 1, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "1 is the first element of the array")
-/// assert(new_arr[1], isEqualTo = 2, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "2 is the second element of the array")
-/// assert(new_arr[2], isEqualTo = 3, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "3 is the third element of the array")
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "pop",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = true,
-    args = {
-        array = { docs = "The array to pop from. Must not be empty."},
-    },
-    tags = ["array"]
-}]
-async fn inner_pop(array: Vec<KclValue>, args: &Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+fn inner_push(mut array: Vec<KclValue>, item: KclValue) -> Vec<KclValue> {
+    array.push(item);
+    array
+}
+
+pub async fn pop(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    let array = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("array")?;
+    let KclValue::HomArray { value: values, ty } = array else {
+        let meta = vec![args.source_range];
+        let actual_type = array.human_friendly_type();
+        return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+            source_ranges: meta,
+            message: format!("You can't pop from a value of type {actual_type}, only an array"),
+        }));
+    };
+
+    let new_array = inner_pop(values, &args)?;
+    Ok(KclValue::HomArray { value: new_array, ty })
+}
+
+fn inner_pop(array: Vec<KclValue>, args: &Args) -> Result<Vec<KclValue>, KclError> {
     if array.is_empty() {
         return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
             message: "Cannot pop from an empty array".to_string(),
@@ -331,24 +185,5 @@ async fn inner_pop(array: Vec<KclValue>, args: &Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclErr
     // Create a new array with all elements except the last one
     let new_array = array[..array.len() - 1].to_vec();
 
-    Ok(KclValue::MixedArray {
-        value: new_array,
-        meta: vec![args.source_range.into()],
-    })
-}
-
-pub async fn pop(_exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    // Extract the array from the arguments
-    let val = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("array")?;
-
-    let meta = vec![args.source_range];
-    let KclValue::MixedArray { value: array, meta: _ } = val else {
-        let actual_type = val.human_friendly_type();
-        return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
-            source_ranges: meta,
-            message: format!("You can't pop from a value of type {actual_type}, only an array"),
-        }));
-    };
-
-    inner_pop(array, &args).await
+    Ok(new_array)
 }

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/clone.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
-use kcl_derive_docs::stdlib;
 use kcmc::{
     each_cmd as mcmd,
     ok_response::{output::EntityGetAllChildUuids, OkModelingCmdResponse},
@@ -41,240 +40,6 @@ pub async fn clone(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, K
     Ok(cloned.into())
 }
 
-/// Clone a sketch or solid.
-///
-/// This works essentially like a copy-paste operation. It creates a perfect replica
-/// at that point in time that you can manipulate individually afterwards.
-///
-/// This doesn't really have much utility unless you need the equivalent of a double
-/// instance pattern with zero transformations.
-///
-/// Really only use this function if YOU ARE SURE you need it. In most cases you
-/// do not need clone and using a pattern with `instance = 2` is more appropriate.
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Clone a basic sketch and move it and extrude it.
-/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [0, 10])
-///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
-///   |> close()
-///
-/// clonedSketch = clone(exampleSketch)
-///     |> scale(
-///     x = 1.0,
-///     y = 1.0,
-///     z = 2.5,
-///     )
-///     |> translate(
-///         x = 15.0,
-///         y = 0,
-///         z = 0,
-///     )
-///     |> extrude(length = 5)
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Clone a basic solid and move it.
-///
-/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [0, 10])
-///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
-///   |> close()
-///
-/// myPart = extrude(exampleSketch, length = 5)
-/// clonedPart = clone(myPart)
-///     |> translate(
-///         x = 25.0,
-///     )
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Translate and rotate a cloned sketch to create a loft.
-///
-/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
-///         |> startProfile(at = [-10, 10])
-///         |> xLine(length = 20)
-///         |> yLine(length = -20)
-///         |> xLine(length = -20)
-///         |> close()
-///
-/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
-///     |> translate(x = 0, y = 0, z = 20)
-///     |> rotate(axis = [0, 0, 1.0], angle = 45)
-///
-/// loft([sketch001, sketch002])
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Translate a cloned solid. Fillet only the clone.
-///
-/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
-///         |> startProfile(at = [-10, 10])
-///         |> xLine(length = 20)
-///         |> yLine(length = -20)
-///         |> xLine(length = -20, tag = $filletTag)
-///         |> close()
-///         |> extrude(length = 5)
-///
-///
-/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
-///     |> translate(x = 0, y = 0, z = 20)
-///     |> fillet(
-///     radius = 2,
-///     tags = [getNextAdjacentEdge(filletTag)],
-///     )
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // You can reuse the tags from the original geometry with the cloned geometry.
-///
-/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [0, 10], tag = $sketchingFace)
-///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
-///   |> close()
-///
-/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
-///     |> translate(x = 10, y = 20, z = 0)
-///     |> extrude(length = 5)
-///
-/// startSketchOn(sketch002, face = sketchingFace)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [1, 1])
-///   |> line(end = [8, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [0, 8])
-///   |> line(end = [-8, 0])
-///   |> close(tag = $sketchingFace002)
-///   |> extrude(length = 10)
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // You can also use the tags from the original geometry to fillet the cloned geometry.
-///
-/// width = 20
-/// length = 10
-/// thickness = 1
-/// filletRadius = 2
-///
-/// mountingPlateSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [-width/2, -length/2])
-///   |> line(endAbsolute = [width/2, -length/2], tag = $edge1)
-///   |> line(endAbsolute = [width/2, length/2], tag = $edge2)
-///   |> line(endAbsolute = [-width/2, length/2], tag = $edge3)
-///   |> close(tag = $edge4)
-///
-/// mountingPlate = extrude(mountingPlateSketch, length = thickness)
-///
-/// clonedMountingPlate = clone(mountingPlate)
-///   |> fillet(
-///     radius = filletRadius,
-///     tags = [
-///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge1),
-///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge2),
-///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge3),
-///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge4)
-///     ],
-///   )
-///   |> translate(x = 0, y = 50, z = 0)
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Create a spring by sweeping around a helix path from a cloned sketch.
-///
-/// // Create a helix around the Z axis.
-/// helixPath = helix(
-///     angleStart = 0,
-///     ccw = true,
-///     revolutions = 4,
-///     length = 10,
-///     radius = 5,
-///     axis = Z,
-///  )
-///
-///
-/// springSketch = startSketchOn(YZ)
-///     |> circle( center = [0, 0], radius = 1)
-///
-/// // Create a spring by sweeping around the helix path.
-/// sweepedSpring = clone(springSketch)
-///     |> translate(x=100)
-///     |> sweep(path = helixPath)
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```
-/// // A donut shape from a cloned sketch.
-/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
-///     |> circle( center = [15, 0], radius = 5 )
-///
-/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
-///    |> translate( z = 30)
-///     |> revolve(
-///         angle = 360,
-///         axis = Y,
-///     )
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Sketch on the end of a revolved face by tagging the end face.
-/// // This shows the cloned geometry will have the same tags as the original geometry.
-///
-/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
-///   |> startProfile(at = [4, 12])
-///   |> line(end = [2, 0])
-///   |> line(end = [0, -6])
-///   |> line(end = [4, -6])
-///   |> line(end = [0, -6])
-///   |> line(end = [-3.75, -4.5])
-///   |> line(end = [0, -5.5])
-///   |> line(end = [-2, 0])
-///   |> close()
-///
-/// example001 = revolve(exampleSketch, axis = Y, angle = 180, tagEnd = $end01)
-///
-/// // example002 = clone(example001)
-/// // |> translate(x = 0, y = 20, z = 0)
-///
-/// // Sketch on the cloned face.
-/// // exampleSketch002 = startSketchOn(example002, face = end01)
-/// //  |> startProfile(at = [4.5, -5])
-/// //  |> line(end = [0, 5])
-/// //  |> line(end = [5, 0])
-/// //  |> line(end = [0, -5])
-/// //  |> close()
-///
-/// // example003 = extrude(exampleSketch002, length = 5)
-/// ```
-///
-/// ```no_run
-/// // Clone an imported model.
-///
-/// import "tests/inputs/cube.sldprt" as cube
-///
-/// myCube = cube
-///
-/// clonedCube = clone(myCube)
-///    |> translate(
-///    x = 1020,
-///    )
-///    |> appearance(
-///        color = "#ff0000",
-///        metalness = 50,
-///        roughness = 50
-///    )
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "clone",
-    feature_tree_operation = true,
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = true,
-    args = {
-        geometry = { docs = "The sketch, solid, or imported geometry to be cloned" },
-    }
-}]
 async fn inner_clone(
     geometry: GeometryWithImportedGeometry,
     exec_state: &mut ExecState,

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/edge.rs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use crate::{
 
 /// Get the opposite edge to the edge given.
 pub async fn get_opposite_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::edge(), exec_state)?;
+    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::tag_identifier(), exec_state)?;
 
     let edge = inner_get_opposite_edge(input_edge, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::Uuid {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ async fn inner_get_opposite_edge(
 
 /// Get the next adjacent edge to the edge given.
 pub async fn get_next_adjacent_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::edge(), exec_state)?;
+    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::tag_identifier(), exec_state)?;
 
     let edge = inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(input_edge, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::Uuid {
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ async fn inner_get_next_adjacent_edge(
 
 /// Get the previous adjacent edge to the edge given.
 pub async fn get_previous_adjacent_edge(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::edge(), exec_state)?;
+    let input_edge = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("edge", &RuntimeType::tag_identifier(), exec_state)?;
 
     let edge = inner_get_previous_adjacent_edge(input_edge, exec_state, args.clone()).await?;
     Ok(KclValue::Uuid {

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/extrude.rs

@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ pub async fn extrude(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue,
     args = {
         sketches = { docs = "Which sketch or sketches should be extruded"},
         length = { docs = "How far to extrude the given sketches"},
-        symmetric = { docs = "If true, the extrusion will happen symmetrically around the sketch. Otherwise, the
-            extrusion will happen on only one side of the sketch." },
+        symmetric = { docs = "If true, the extrusion will happen symmetrically around the sketch. Otherwise, the extrusion will happen on only one side of the sketch." },
         bidirectional_length = { docs = "If specified, will also extrude in the opposite direction to 'distance' to the specified distance. If 'symmetric' is true, this value is ignored."},
         tag_start = { docs = "A named tag for the face at the start of the extrusion, i.e. the original sketch" },
         tag_end = { docs = "A named tag for the face at the end of the extrusion, i.e. the new face created by extruding the original sketch" },

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/math.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 
 use crate::{
-    errors::KclError,
+    errors::{KclError, KclErrorDetails},
     execution::{
         types::{ArrayLen, NumericType, RuntimeType},
         ExecState, KclValue,
@@ -54,6 +54,17 @@ pub async fn tan(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, Kcl
 /// Compute the square root of a number.
 pub async fn sqrt(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let input: TyF64 = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg_typed("input", &RuntimeType::num_any(), exec_state)?;
+
+    if input.n < 0.0 {
+        return Err(KclError::Semantic(KclErrorDetails {
+            source_ranges: vec![args.source_range],
+            message: format!(
+                "Attempt to take square root (`sqrt`) of a number less than zero ({})",
+                input.n
+            ),
+        }));
+    }
+
     let result = input.n.sqrt();
 
     Ok(args.make_user_val_from_f64_with_type(TyF64::new(result, exec_state.current_default_units())))
@@ -220,3 +231,38 @@ pub async fn ln(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclE
 
     Ok(args.make_user_val_from_f64_with_type(TyF64::new(result, exec_state.current_default_units())))
 }
+
+/// Compute the length of the given leg.
+pub async fn leg_length(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let (hypotenuse, leg, ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
+    let result = (hypotenuse.powi(2) - f64::min(hypotenuse.abs(), leg.abs()).powi(2)).sqrt();
+    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(result, ty, vec![args.into()]))
+}
+
+/// Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
+pub async fn leg_angle_x(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let (hypotenuse, leg, _ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
+    let result = (leg.min(hypotenuse) / hypotenuse).acos().to_degrees();
+    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(
+        result,
+        NumericType::degrees(),
+        vec![args.into()],
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
+pub async fn leg_angle_y(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
+    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
+    let (hypotenuse, leg, _ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
+    let result = (leg.min(hypotenuse) / hypotenuse).asin().to_degrees();
+    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(
+        result,
+        NumericType::degrees(),
+        vec![args.into()],
+    ))
+}

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/mod.rs

@@ -28,21 +28,13 @@ pub mod utils;
 
 use anyhow::Result;
 pub use args::Args;
-use args::TyF64;
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use kcl_derive_docs::stdlib;
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
-use parse_display::{Display, FromStr};
-use schemars::JsonSchema;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     docs::StdLibFn,
     errors::KclError,
-    execution::{
-        types::{NumericType, PrimitiveType, RuntimeType, UnitAngle, UnitType},
-        ExecState, KclValue,
-    },
+    execution::{types::PrimitiveType, ExecState, KclValue},
     parsing::ast::types::Name,
 };
 
@@ -53,9 +45,6 @@ pub type StdFn = fn(
 
 lazy_static! {
     static ref CORE_FNS: Vec<Box<dyn StdLibFn>> = vec![
-        Box::new(LegLen),
-        Box::new(LegAngX),
-        Box::new(LegAngY),
         Box::new(crate::std::appearance::Appearance),
         Box::new(crate::std::extrude::Extrude),
         Box::new(crate::std::segment::SegEnd),
@@ -87,17 +76,12 @@ lazy_static! {
         Box::new(crate::std::sketch::TangentialArc),
         Box::new(crate::std::sketch::BezierCurve),
         Box::new(crate::std::sketch::Subtract2D),
-        Box::new(crate::std::clone::Clone),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternLinear2D),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternLinear3D),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternCircular2D),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternCircular3D),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternTransform),
         Box::new(crate::std::patterns::PatternTransform2D),
-        Box::new(crate::std::array::Reduce),
-        Box::new(crate::std::array::Map),
-        Box::new(crate::std::array::Push),
-        Box::new(crate::std::array::Pop),
         Box::new(crate::std::edge::GetOppositeEdge),
         Box::new(crate::std::edge::GetNextAdjacentEdge),
         Box::new(crate::std::edge::GetPreviousAdjacentEdge),
@@ -149,84 +133,96 @@ pub(crate) fn std_fn(path: &str, fn_name: &str) -> (crate::std::StdFn, StdFnProp
     match (path, fn_name) {
         ("math", "cos") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::cos(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::cos"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::cos"),
         ),
         ("math", "sin") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::sin(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::sin"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::sin"),
         ),
         ("math", "tan") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::tan(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::tan"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::tan"),
         ),
         ("math", "acos") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::acos(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::acos"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::acos"),
         ),
         ("math", "asin") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::asin(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::asin"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::asin"),
         ),
         ("math", "atan") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::atan(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::atan"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::atan"),
         ),
         ("math", "atan2") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::atan2(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::atan2"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::atan2"),
         ),
         ("math", "sqrt") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::sqrt(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::sqrt"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::sqrt"),
         ),
 
         ("math", "abs") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::abs(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::abs"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::abs"),
         ),
         ("math", "rem") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::rem(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::rem"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::rem"),
         ),
         ("math", "round") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::round(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::round"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::round"),
         ),
         ("math", "floor") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::floor(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::floor"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::floor"),
         ),
         ("math", "ceil") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::ceil(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::ceil"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::ceil"),
         ),
         ("math", "min") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::min(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::min"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::min"),
         ),
         ("math", "max") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::max(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::max"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::max"),
         ),
         ("math", "pow") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::pow(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::pow"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::pow"),
         ),
         ("math", "log") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::log(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::log"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::log"),
         ),
         ("math", "log2") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::log2(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::log2"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::log2"),
         ),
         ("math", "log10") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::log10(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::log10"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::log10"),
         ),
         ("math", "ln") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::ln(e, a)),
-            StdFnProps::default("std::ln"),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::ln"),
+        ),
+        ("math", "legLen") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::leg_length(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::legLen"),
+        ),
+        ("math", "legAngX") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::leg_angle_x(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::legAngX"),
+        ),
+        ("math", "legAngY") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::math::leg_angle_y(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::math::legAngY"),
         ),
         ("sketch", "circle") => (
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::shapes::circle(e, a)),
@@ -264,6 +260,26 @@ pub(crate) fn std_fn(path: &str, fn_name: &str) -> (crate::std::StdFn, StdFnProp
             |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::shell::hollow(e, a)),
             StdFnProps::default("std::solid::hollow").include_in_feature_tree(),
         ),
+        ("array", "map") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::array::map(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::array::map"),
+        ),
+        ("array", "reduce") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::array::reduce(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::array::reduce"),
+        ),
+        ("array", "push") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::array::push(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::array::push"),
+        ),
+        ("array", "pop") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::array::pop(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::array::pop"),
+        ),
+        ("prelude", "clone") => (
+            |e, a| Box::pin(crate::std::clone::clone(e, a)),
+            StdFnProps::default("std::clone").include_in_feature_tree(),
+        ),
         _ => unreachable!(),
     }
 }
@@ -341,110 +357,3 @@ pub enum FunctionKind {
 
 /// The default tolerance for modeling commands in [`kittycad_modeling_cmds::length_unit::LengthUnit`].
 const DEFAULT_TOLERANCE: f64 = 0.0000001;
-
-/// Compute the length of the given leg.
-pub async fn leg_length(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let (hypotenuse, leg, ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
-    let result = inner_leg_length(hypotenuse, leg);
-    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(result, ty, vec![args.into()]))
-}
-
-/// Compute the length of the given leg.
-///
-/// ```kcl,no_run
-/// legLen(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "legLen",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = false,
-    args = {
-        hypotenuse = { docs = "The length of the triangle's hypotenuse" },
-        leg = { docs = "The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side)" },
-    },
-    tags = ["math"],
-}]
-fn inner_leg_length(hypotenuse: f64, leg: f64) -> f64 {
-    (hypotenuse.powi(2) - f64::min(hypotenuse.abs(), leg.abs()).powi(2)).sqrt()
-}
-
-/// Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
-pub async fn leg_angle_x(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let (hypotenuse, leg, _ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
-    let result = inner_leg_angle_x(hypotenuse, leg);
-    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(
-        result,
-        NumericType::Known(UnitType::Angle(UnitAngle::Degrees)),
-        vec![args.into()],
-    ))
-}
-
-/// Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
-///
-/// ```kcl,no_run
-/// legAngX(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "legAngX",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = false,
-    args = {
-        hypotenuse = { docs = "The length of the triangle's hypotenuse" },
-        leg = { docs = "The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side)" },
-    },
-    tags = ["math"],
-}]
-fn inner_leg_angle_x(hypotenuse: f64, leg: f64) -> f64 {
-    (leg.min(hypotenuse) / hypotenuse).acos().to_degrees()
-}
-
-/// Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
-pub async fn leg_angle_y(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
-    let hypotenuse: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("hypotenuse", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let leg: TyF64 = args.get_kw_arg_typed("leg", &RuntimeType::length(), exec_state)?;
-    let (hypotenuse, leg, _ty) = NumericType::combine_eq_coerce(hypotenuse, leg);
-    let result = inner_leg_angle_y(hypotenuse, leg);
-    Ok(KclValue::from_number_with_type(
-        result,
-        NumericType::Known(UnitType::Angle(UnitAngle::Degrees)),
-        vec![args.into()],
-    ))
-}
-
-/// Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
-///
-/// ```kcl,no_run
-/// legAngY(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
-/// ```
-#[stdlib {
-    name = "legAngY",
-    keywords = true,
-    unlabeled_first = false,
-    args = {
-        hypotenuse = { docs = "The length of the triangle's hypotenuse" },
-        leg = { docs = "The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side)" },
-    },
-    tags = ["math"],
-}]
-fn inner_leg_angle_y(hypotenuse: f64, leg: f64) -> f64 {
-    (leg.min(hypotenuse) / hypotenuse).asin().to_degrees()
-}
-
-/// The primitive types that can be used in a KCL file.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, JsonSchema, Display, FromStr)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
-#[display(style = "lowercase")]
-pub enum Primitive {
-    /// A boolean value.
-    Bool,
-    /// A number value.
-    Number,
-    /// A string value.
-    String,
-    /// A uuid value.
-    Uuid,
-}

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/patterns.rs

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ async fn make_transform<T: GeometryTrait>(
     })?;
     let transforms = match transform_fn_return {
         KclValue::Object { value, meta: _ } => vec![value],
-        KclValue::MixedArray { value, meta: _ } => {
+        KclValue::Tuple { value, .. } | KclValue::HomArray { value, .. } => {
             let transforms: Vec<_> = value
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|val| {
@@ -671,12 +671,44 @@ impl GeometryTrait for Solid {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
-    use crate::execution::types::NumericType;
+    use crate::execution::types::{NumericType, PrimitiveType};
 
     #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
     async fn test_array_to_point3d() {
         let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ExecutorContext::new_mock().await);
-        let input = KclValue::MixedArray {
+        let input = KclValue::HomArray {
+            value: vec![
+                KclValue::Number {
+                    value: 1.1,
+                    meta: Default::default(),
+                    ty: NumericType::mm(),
+                },
+                KclValue::Number {
+                    value: 2.2,
+                    meta: Default::default(),
+                    ty: NumericType::mm(),
+                },
+                KclValue::Number {
+                    value: 3.3,
+                    meta: Default::default(),
+                    ty: NumericType::mm(),
+                },
+            ],
+            ty: RuntimeType::Primitive(PrimitiveType::Number(NumericType::mm())),
+        };
+        let expected = [
+            TyF64::new(1.1, NumericType::mm()),
+            TyF64::new(2.2, NumericType::mm()),
+            TyF64::new(3.3, NumericType::mm()),
+        ];
+        let actual = array_to_point3d(&input, Vec::new(), &mut exec_state);
+        assert_eq!(actual.unwrap(), expected);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn test_tuple_to_point3d() {
+        let mut exec_state = ExecState::new(&ExecutorContext::new_mock().await);
+        let input = KclValue::Tuple {
             value: vec![
                 KclValue::Number {
                     value: 1.1,

rust/kcl-lib/src/std/segment.rs

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ use crate::{
 /// Returns the point at the end of the given segment.
 pub async fn segment_end(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("tag")?;
-    let result = inner_segment_end(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
+    let pt = inner_segment_end(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
 
-    args.make_user_val_from_point(result)
+    args.make_kcl_val_from_point([pt[0].n, pt[1].n], pt[0].ty.clone())
 }
 
 /// Compute the ending point of the provided line segment.
@@ -64,8 +64,11 @@ fn inner_segment_end(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args
             source_ranges: vec![args.source_range],
         })
     })?;
+    let (p, ty) = path.end_point_components();
+    // Docs generation isn't smart enough to handle ([f64; 2], NumericType).
+    let point = [TyF64::new(p[0], ty.clone()), TyF64::new(p[1], ty)];
 
-    Ok(path.get_to().clone())
+    Ok(point)
 }
 
 /// Returns the segment end of x.
@@ -156,9 +159,9 @@ fn inner_segment_end_y(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Ar
 /// Returns the point at the start of the given segment.
 pub async fn segment_start(exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Args) -> Result<KclValue, KclError> {
     let tag: TagIdentifier = args.get_unlabeled_kw_arg("tag")?;
-    let result = inner_segment_start(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
+    let pt = inner_segment_start(&tag, exec_state, args.clone())?;
 
-    args.make_user_val_from_point(result)
+    args.make_kcl_val_from_point([pt[0].n, pt[1].n], pt[0].ty.clone())
 }
 
 /// Compute the starting point of the provided line segment.
@@ -203,8 +206,11 @@ fn inner_segment_start(tag: &TagIdentifier, exec_state: &mut ExecState, args: Ar
             source_ranges: vec![args.source_range],
         })
     })?;
+    let (p, ty) = path.start_point_components();
+    // Docs generation isn't smart enough to handle ([f64; 2], NumericType).
+    let point = [TyF64::new(p[0], ty.clone()), TyF64::new(p[1], ty)];
 
-    Ok(path.get_from().to_owned())
+    Ok(point)
 }
 
 /// Returns the segment start of x.

rust/kcl-lib/src/unparser.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ use std::fmt::Write;
 
 use crate::parsing::{
     ast::types::{
-        Annotation, ArrayExpression, ArrayRangeExpression, BinaryExpression, BinaryOperator, BinaryPart, BodyItem,
-        CallExpressionKw, CommentStyle, DefaultParamVal, Expr, FormatOptions, FunctionExpression, IfExpression,
-        ImportSelector, ImportStatement, ItemVisibility, LabeledArg, Literal, LiteralIdentifier, LiteralValue,
-        MemberExpression, MemberObject, Node, NonCodeNode, NonCodeValue, ObjectExpression, Parameter, PipeExpression,
-        Program, TagDeclarator, TypeDeclaration, UnaryExpression, VariableDeclaration, VariableKind,
+        Annotation, ArrayExpression, ArrayRangeExpression, AscribedExpression, BinaryExpression, BinaryOperator,
+        BinaryPart, BodyItem, CallExpressionKw, CommentStyle, DefaultParamVal, Expr, FormatOptions, FunctionExpression,
+        IfExpression, ImportSelector, ImportStatement, ItemVisibility, LabeledArg, Literal, LiteralIdentifier,
+        LiteralValue, MemberExpression, MemberObject, Node, NonCodeNode, NonCodeValue, ObjectExpression, Parameter,
+        PipeExpression, Program, TagDeclarator, TypeDeclaration, UnaryExpression, VariableDeclaration, VariableKind,
     },
     deprecation, DeprecationKind, PIPE_OPERATOR,
 };
@@ -308,18 +308,7 @@ impl Expr {
                 result += &e.label.name;
                 result
             }
-            Expr::AscribedExpression(e) => {
-                let mut result = e.expr.recast(options, indentation_level, ctxt);
-                if matches!(
-                    e.expr,
-                    Expr::BinaryExpression(..) | Expr::PipeExpression(..) | Expr::UnaryExpression(..)
-                ) {
-                    result = format!("({result})");
-                }
-                result += ": ";
-                result += &e.ty.to_string();
-                result
-            }
+            Expr::AscribedExpression(e) => e.recast(options, indentation_level, ctxt),
             Expr::None(_) => {
                 unimplemented!("there is no literal None, see https://github.com/KittyCAD/modeling-app/issues/1115")
             }
@@ -327,6 +316,21 @@ impl Expr {
     }
 }
 
+impl AscribedExpression {
+    fn recast(&self, options: &FormatOptions, indentation_level: usize, ctxt: ExprContext) -> String {
+        let mut result = self.expr.recast(options, indentation_level, ctxt);
+        if matches!(
+            self.expr,
+            Expr::BinaryExpression(..) | Expr::PipeExpression(..) | Expr::UnaryExpression(..)
+        ) {
+            result = format!("({result})");
+        }
+        result += ": ";
+        result += &self.ty.to_string();
+        result
+    }
+}
+
 impl BinaryPart {
     fn recast(&self, options: &FormatOptions, indentation_level: usize) -> String {
         match &self {
@@ -345,6 +349,7 @@ impl BinaryPart {
             BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(unary_expression) => unary_expression.recast(options),
             BinaryPart::MemberExpression(member_expression) => member_expression.recast(),
             BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.recast(options, indentation_level, ExprContext::Other),
+            BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.recast(options, indentation_level, ExprContext::Other),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -722,6 +727,7 @@ impl UnaryExpression {
             | BinaryPart::Name(_)
             | BinaryPart::MemberExpression(_)
             | BinaryPart::IfExpression(_)
+            | BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(_)
             | BinaryPart::CallExpressionKw(_) => {
                 format!("{}{}", &self.operator, self.argument.recast(options, 0))
             }

rust/kcl-lib/src/walk/ast_node.rs

@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@ impl<'tree> From<&'tree types::BinaryPart> for Node<'tree> {
             types::BinaryPart::UnaryExpression(ue) => ue.as_ref().into(),
             types::BinaryPart::MemberExpression(me) => me.as_ref().into(),
             types::BinaryPart::IfExpression(e) => e.as_ref().into(),
+            types::BinaryPart::AscribedExpression(e) => e.as_ref().into(),
         }
     }
 }

rust/kcl-lib/std/array.kcl

@@ -2,3 +2,169 @@
 
 @no_std
 @settings(defaultLengthUnit = mm, kclVersion = 1.0)
+
+/// Apply a function to every element of a list.
+///
+/// Given a list like `[a, b, c]`, and a function like `f`, returns
+/// `[f(a), f(b), f(c)]`
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// r = 10 // radius
+/// fn drawCircle(@id) {
+///   return startSketchOn(XY)
+///     |> circle( center= [id * 2 * r, 0], radius= r)
+/// }
+///
+/// // Call `drawCircle`, passing in each element of the array.
+/// // The outputs from each `drawCircle` form a new array,
+/// // which is the return value from `map`.
+/// circles = map(
+///   [1..3],
+///   f = drawCircle
+/// )
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// r = 10 // radius
+/// // Call `map`, using an anonymous function instead of a named one.
+/// circles = map(
+///   [1..3],
+///   f = fn(@id) {
+///     return startSketchOn(XY)
+///       |> circle( center= [id * 2 * r, 0], radius= r)
+///   }
+/// )
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn map(
+  /// Input array. The output array is this input array, but every element has had the function `f` run on it.
+  @array: [any],
+  /// A function. The output array is just the input array, but `f` has been run on every item.
+  f: Fn,
+): [any] {}
+
+/// Take a starting value. Then, for each element of an array, calculate the next value,
+/// using the previous value and the element.
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // This function adds two numbers.
+/// fn add(@a, accum) { return a + accum }
+///
+/// // This function adds an array of numbers.
+/// // It uses the `reduce` function, to call the `add` function on every
+/// // element of the `arr` parameter. The starting value is 0.
+/// fn sum(@arr) { return reduce(arr, initial = 0, f = add) }
+///
+/// /*
+/// The above is basically like this pseudo-code:
+/// fn sum(arr):
+///     sumSoFar = 0
+///     for i in arr:
+///         sumSoFar = add(i, sumSoFar)
+///     return sumSoFar
+/// */
+///
+/// // We use `assert` to check that our `sum` function gives the
+/// // expected result. It's good to check your work!
+/// assert(sum([1, 2, 3]), isEqualTo = 6, tolerance = 0.1, error = "1 + 2 + 3 summed is 6")
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // This example works just like the previous example above, but it uses
+/// // an anonymous `add` function as its parameter, instead of declaring a
+/// // named function outside.
+/// arr = [1, 2, 3]
+/// sum = reduce(arr, initial = 0, f = fn (@i, accum) { return i + accum })
+///
+/// // We use `assert` to check that our `sum` function gives the
+/// // expected result. It's good to check your work!
+/// assert(sum, isEqualTo = 6, tolerance = 0.1, error = "1 + 2 + 3 summed is 6")
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Declare a function that sketches a decagon.
+/// fn decagon(@radius) {
+///   // Each side of the decagon is turned this many radians from the previous angle.
+///   stepAngle = ((1/10) * TAU): number(rad)
+///
+///   // Start the decagon sketch at this point.
+///   startOfDecagonSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
+///     |> startProfile(at = [(cos(0)*radius), (sin(0) * radius)])
+///
+///   // Use a `reduce` to draw the remaining decagon sides.
+///   // For each number in the array 1..10, run the given function,
+///   // which takes a partially-sketched decagon and adds one more edge to it.
+///   fullDecagon = reduce([1..10], initial = startOfDecagonSketch, f = fn(@i, accum) {
+///       // Draw one edge of the decagon.
+///       x = cos(stepAngle * i) * radius
+///       y = sin(stepAngle * i) * radius
+///       return line(accum, end = [x, y])
+///   })
+///
+///   return fullDecagon
+///
+/// }
+///
+/// /*
+/// The `decagon` above is basically like this pseudo-code:
+/// fn decagon(radius):
+///     stepAngle = ((1/10) * TAU): number(rad)
+///     plane = startSketchOn(XY)
+///     startOfDecagonSketch = startProfile(plane, at = [(cos(0)*radius), (sin(0) * radius)])
+///
+///     // Here's the reduce part.
+///     partialDecagon = startOfDecagonSketch
+///     for i in [1..10]:
+///         x = cos(stepAngle * i) * radius
+///         y = sin(stepAngle * i) * radius
+///         partialDecagon = line(partialDecagon, end = [x, y])
+///     fullDecagon = partialDecagon // it's now full
+///     return fullDecagon
+/// */
+///
+/// // Use the `decagon` function declared above, to sketch a decagon with radius 5.
+/// decagon(5.0) |> close()
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn reduce(
+  /// Each element of this array gets run through the function `f`, combined with the previous output from `f`, and then used for the next run.
+  @array: [any],
+  /// The first time `f` is run, it will be called with the first item of `array` and this initial starting value.
+  initial: any,
+  /// Run once per item in the input `array`. This function takes an item from the array, and the previous output from `f` (or `initial` on the very first run). The final time `f` is run, its output is returned as the final output from `reduce`.
+  f: Fn,
+): [any] {}
+
+/// Append an element to the end of an array.
+///
+/// Returns a new array with the element appended.
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// arr = [1, 2, 3]
+/// new_arr = push(arr, item = 4)
+/// assert(new_arr[3], isEqualTo = 4, tolerance = 0.1, error = "4 was added to the end of the array")
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn push(
+  /// The array which you're adding a new item to.
+  @array: [any],
+  /// The new item to add to the array
+  item: any,
+): [any; 1+] {}
+
+/// Remove the last element from an array.
+///
+/// Returns a new array with the last element removed.
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
+/// new_arr = pop(arr)
+/// assert(new_arr[0], isEqualTo = 1, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "1 is the first element of the array")
+/// assert(new_arr[1], isEqualTo = 2, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "2 is the second element of the array")
+/// assert(new_arr[2], isEqualTo = 3, tolerance = 0.00001, error = "3 is the third element of the array")
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn pop(
+  /// The array to pop from. Must not be empty.
+  @array: [any; 1+],
+): [any] {}

rust/kcl-lib/std/math.kcl

@@ -7,6 +7,14 @@ import Point2d from "std::types"
 
 /// The value of `pi`, Archimedes’ constant (π).
 ///
+/// `PI` is a number and is technically a ratio, so you might expect it to have type `number(_)`.
+/// However, `PI` is nearly always used for converting between different units - usually degrees to or
+/// from radians. Therefore, `PI` is treated a bit specially by KCL and always has unknown units. This
+/// means that if you use `PI`, you will need to give KCL some extra information about the units of numbers.
+/// Usually you should use type ascription on the result of calculations, e.g., `(2 * PI): number(rad)`.
+/// You might prefer to use `units::toRadians` or `units::toDegrees` to convert between angles with
+/// different units.
+///
 /// ```
 /// circumference = 70
 ///
@@ -428,3 +436,42 @@ export fn log10(@input: number): number {}
 /// ```
 @(impl = std_rust)
 export fn ln(@input: number): number {}
+
+/// Compute the length of the given leg.
+///
+/// ```kcl,no_run
+/// legLen(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn legLen(
+  /// The length of the triangle's hypotenuse.
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  /// The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side).
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg) {}
+
+/// Compute the angle of the given leg for x.
+///
+/// ```kcl,no_run
+/// legAngX(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn legAngX(
+  /// The length of the triangle's hypotenuse.
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  /// The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side).
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg) {}
+
+/// Compute the angle of the given leg for y.
+///
+/// ```kcl,no_run
+/// legAngY(hypotenuse = 5, leg = 3)
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn legAngY(
+  /// The length of the triangle's hypotenuse.
+  hypotenuse: number(Length),
+  /// The length of one of the triangle's legs (i.e. non-hypotenuse side).
+  leg: number(Length),
+): number(deg) {}

rust/kcl-lib/std/prelude.kcl

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 ///
 /// The standard library is organised into modules (listed below), but most things are always available
 /// in KCL programs.
+///
+/// You might also want the [KCL language reference](/docs/kcl-lang) or the [KCL guide]().
 
 @no_std
 @settings(defaultLengthUnit = mm, kclVersion = 1.0)
@@ -249,3 +251,234 @@ export fn offsetPlane(
   /// Distance from the standard plane this new plane will be created at.
   offset: number(Length),
 ): Plane {}
+
+/// Clone a sketch or solid.
+///
+/// This works essentially like a copy-paste operation. It creates a perfect replica
+/// at that point in time that you can manipulate individually afterwards.
+///
+/// This doesn't really have much utility unless you need the equivalent of a double
+/// instance pattern with zero transformations.
+///
+/// Really only use this function if YOU ARE SURE you need it. In most cases you
+/// do not need clone and using a pattern with `instance = 2` is more appropriate.
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Clone a basic sketch and move it and extrude it.
+/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [0, 10])
+///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
+///   |> close()
+///
+/// clonedSketch = clone(exampleSketch)
+///     |> scale(
+///     x = 1.0,
+///     y = 1.0,
+///     z = 2.5,
+///     )
+///     |> translate(
+///         x = 15.0,
+///         y = 0,
+///         z = 0,
+///     )
+///     |> extrude(length = 5)
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Clone a basic solid and move it.
+///
+/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [0, 10])
+///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
+///   |> close()
+///
+/// myPart = extrude(exampleSketch, length = 5)
+/// clonedPart = clone(myPart)
+///     |> translate(
+///         x = 25.0,
+///     )
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Translate and rotate a cloned sketch to create a loft.
+///
+/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
+///         |> startProfile(at = [-10, 10])
+///         |> xLine(length = 20)
+///         |> yLine(length = -20)
+///         |> xLine(length = -20)
+///         |> close()
+///
+/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
+///     |> translate(x = 0, y = 0, z = 20)
+///     |> rotate(axis = [0, 0, 1.0], angle = 45)
+///
+/// loft([sketch001, sketch002])
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Translate a cloned solid. Fillet only the clone.
+///
+/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
+///         |> startProfile(at = [-10, 10])
+///         |> xLine(length = 20)
+///         |> yLine(length = -20)
+///         |> xLine(length = -20, tag = $filletTag)
+///         |> close()
+///         |> extrude(length = 5)
+///
+///
+/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
+///     |> translate(x = 0, y = 0, z = 20)
+///     |> fillet(
+///     radius = 2,
+///     tags = [getNextAdjacentEdge(filletTag)],
+///     )
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // You can reuse the tags from the original geometry with the cloned geometry.
+///
+/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [0, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [10, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [0, 10], tag = $sketchingFace)
+///   |> line(end = [-10, 0])
+///   |> close()
+///
+/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
+///     |> translate(x = 10, y = 20, z = 0)
+///     |> extrude(length = 5)
+///
+/// startSketchOn(sketch002, face = sketchingFace)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [1, 1])
+///   |> line(end = [8, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [0, 8])
+///   |> line(end = [-8, 0])
+///   |> close(tag = $sketchingFace002)
+///   |> extrude(length = 10)
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // You can also use the tags from the original geometry to fillet the cloned geometry.
+///
+/// width = 20
+/// length = 10
+/// thickness = 1
+/// filletRadius = 2
+///
+/// mountingPlateSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [-width/2, -length/2])
+///   |> line(endAbsolute = [width/2, -length/2], tag = $edge1)
+///   |> line(endAbsolute = [width/2, length/2], tag = $edge2)
+///   |> line(endAbsolute = [-width/2, length/2], tag = $edge3)
+///   |> close(tag = $edge4)
+///
+/// mountingPlate = extrude(mountingPlateSketch, length = thickness)
+///
+/// clonedMountingPlate = clone(mountingPlate)
+///   |> fillet(
+///     radius = filletRadius,
+///     tags = [
+///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge1),
+///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge2),
+///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge3),
+///       getNextAdjacentEdge(edge4)
+///     ],
+///   )
+///   |> translate(x = 0, y = 50, z = 0)
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Create a spring by sweeping around a helix path from a cloned sketch.
+///
+/// // Create a helix around the Z axis.
+/// helixPath = helix(
+///     angleStart = 0,
+///     ccw = true,
+///     revolutions = 4,
+///     length = 10,
+///     radius = 5,
+///     axis = Z,
+///  )
+///
+///
+/// springSketch = startSketchOn(YZ)
+///     |> circle( center = [0, 0], radius = 1)
+///
+/// // Create a spring by sweeping around the helix path.
+/// sweepedSpring = clone(springSketch)
+///     |> translate(x=100)
+///     |> sweep(path = helixPath)
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // A donut shape from a cloned sketch.
+/// sketch001 = startSketchOn(XY)
+///     |> circle( center = [15, 0], radius = 5 )
+///
+/// sketch002 = clone(sketch001)
+///    |> translate( z = 30)
+///     |> revolve(
+///         angle = 360,
+///         axis = Y,
+///     )
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Sketch on the end of a revolved face by tagging the end face.
+/// // This shows the cloned geometry will have the same tags as the original geometry.
+///
+/// exampleSketch = startSketchOn(XY)
+///   |> startProfile(at = [4, 12])
+///   |> line(end = [2, 0])
+///   |> line(end = [0, -6])
+///   |> line(end = [4, -6])
+///   |> line(end = [0, -6])
+///   |> line(end = [-3.75, -4.5])
+///   |> line(end = [0, -5.5])
+///   |> line(end = [-2, 0])
+///   |> close()
+///
+/// example001 = revolve(exampleSketch, axis = Y, angle = 180, tagEnd = $end01)
+///
+/// // example002 = clone(example001)
+/// // |> translate(x = 0, y = 20, z = 0)
+///
+/// // Sketch on the cloned face.
+/// // exampleSketch002 = startSketchOn(example002, face = end01)
+/// //  |> startProfile(at = [4.5, -5])
+/// //  |> line(end = [0, 5])
+/// //  |> line(end = [5, 0])
+/// //  |> line(end = [0, -5])
+/// //  |> close()
+///
+/// // example003 = extrude(exampleSketch002, length = 5)
+/// ```
+///
+/// ```kcl
+/// // Clone an imported model.
+///
+/// import "tests/inputs/cube.sldprt" as cube
+///
+/// myCube = cube
+///
+/// clonedCube = clone(myCube)
+///    |> translate(
+///    x = 1020,
+///    )
+///    |> appearance(
+///        color = "#ff0000",
+///        metalness = 50,
+///        roughness = 50
+///    )
+/// ```
+@(impl = std_rust)
+export fn clone(
+  /// The sketch, solid, or imported geometry to be cloned.
+  @geometry: Sketch | Solid | ImportedGeometry,
+): Sketch | Solid | ImportedGeometry {}

rust/kcl-lib/std/types.kcl

@@ -163,10 +163,35 @@ export type string
 @(impl = primitive)
 export type tag
 
+/// Represents geometry which is defined using some other CAD system and imported into KCL.
+@(impl = primitive)
+export type ImportedGeometry
+
+/// The type of any function in KCL.
+@(impl = primitive)
+export type Fn
+
 /// An abstract plane.
 ///
-/// A plane has a position and orientation in space defined by its origin and axes. A plane can be used
-/// to sketch on.
+/// A plane has a position and orientation in space defined by its origin and axes. A plane is abstract
+/// in the sense that it is not part of the objects being drawn. A plane can be used to sketch on.
+///
+/// A plane can be created in several ways:
+/// - you can use one of the default planes, e.g., `XY`.
+/// - you can use `offsetPlane` to create a new plane offset from an existing one, e.g., `offsetPlane(XY, offset = 150)`.
+/// - you can use negation to create a plane from an existing one which is identical but has an opposite normal
+/// e.g., `-XY`.
+/// - you can define an entirely custom plane, e.g.,
+///
+/// ```kcl,inline,norun
+/// myXY = {
+///   origin = { x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 },
+///   xAxis = { x = 1, y = 0, z = 0 },
+///   yAxis = { x = 0, y = 1, z = 0 },
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Any object with appropriate `origin`, `xAxis`, and `yAxis` fields can be used as a plane.
 @(impl = std_rust)
 export type Plane
 

rust/kcl-lib/std/units.kcl

@@ -11,32 +11,32 @@
 @settings(defaultLengthUnit = mm, kclVersion = 1.0)
 
 /// Convert a number to millimeters from its current units.
-export fn toMillimeters(@num: number(mm)): number(mm) {
+export fn toMillimeters(@num: number(Length)): number(mm) {
   return num
 }
 
 /// Convert a number to centimeters from its current units.
-export fn toCentimeters(@num: number(cm)): number(cm) {
+export fn toCentimeters(@num: number(Length)): number(cm) {
   return num
 }
 
 /// Convert a number to meters from its current units.
-export fn toMeters(@num: number(m)): number(m) {
+export fn toMeters(@num: number(Length)): number(m) {
   return num
 }
 
 /// Convert a number to inches from its current units.
-export fn toInches(@num: number(in)): number(in) {
+export fn toInches(@num: number(Length)): number(in) {
   return num
 }
 
 /// Convert a number to feet from its current units.
-export fn toFeet(@num: number(ft)): number(ft) {
+export fn toFeet(@num: number(Length)): number(ft) {
   return num
 }
 
 /// Converts a number to yards from its current units.
-export fn toYards(@num: number(yd)): number(yd) {
+export fn toYards(@num: number(Length)): number(yd) {
   return num
 }
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export fn toYards(@num: number(yd)): number(yd) {
 ///
 /// example = extrude(exampleSketch, length = 5)
 /// ```
-export fn toRadians(@num: number(rad)): number(rad) {
+export fn toRadians(@num: number(Angle)): number(rad) {
   return num
 }
 
@@ -72,6 +72,6 @@ export fn toRadians(@num: number(rad)): number(rad) {
 ///
 /// example = extrude(exampleSketch, length = 5)
 /// ```
-export fn toDegrees(@num: number(deg)): number(deg) {
+export fn toDegrees(@num: number(Angle)): number(deg) {
   return num
 }

rust/kcl-lib/tests/any_type/artifact_commands.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+source: kcl-lib/src/simulation_tests.rs
+description: Artifact commands any_type.kcl
+---
+[
+  {
+    "cmdId": "[uuid]",
+    "range": [],
+    "command": {
+      "type": "edge_lines_visible",
+      "hidden": false
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    "cmdId": "[uuid]",
+    "range": [],
+    "command": {
+      "type": "object_visible",
+      "object_id": "[uuid]",
+      "hidden": true
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    "cmdId": "[uuid]",
+    "range": [],
+    "command": {
+      "type": "object_visible",
+      "object_id": "[uuid]",
+      "hidden": true
+    }
+  }
+]

rust/kcl-lib/tests/any_type/artifact_graph_flowchart.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+source: kcl-lib/src/simulation_tests.rs
+description: Artifact graph flowchart any_type.kcl
+extension: md
+snapshot_kind: binary
+---

rust/kcl-lib/tests/any_type/artifact_graph_flowchart.snap.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+```